论东道国的环境措施与间接征收——基于若干国际投资仲裁案例的研究  

On Environmental Measures of Host Countries and Indirect Expropriation——Based on Several International Investment Arbitration Cases

作　　者：张光[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北政法大学国际法学院,陕西西安710063

出　　处：《法学论坛》2016年第4期61-68,共8页Legal Forum

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目<外商投资负面清单管理模式与中国外资法律制度重构>(14ZDC033);陕西省教育厅重点研究基地项目<中国与中亚国家间双边投资协定法律问题研究>(14JZ061)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：目前,间接征收问题已成为各国在外资领域实施环境措施的现实难题。在大多数国际投资仲裁案件中,仲裁庭并未支持东道国环境措施,而是认为东道国环境措施对外资构成了间接征收。国际投资仲裁中,东道国环境措施与间接征收之间的关系问题主要蕴涵着东道国维护环境公共利益的权力与保护外国投资者财产利益的义务之间的冲突。在投资条约序言中增加环境保护目标、确立"兼采效果与目的"标准、规定间接征收例外条款和构建适度约束仲裁自由裁量权的机制等举措有助于实现国际投资仲裁中环境保护与外资保护的适度平衡。Nowadays, indirect expropriation has become a realistic problem in the field of toreign investment concerning environ- mental measures in many countries. In most of international investment arbitration awards, the tribunal did not support the host countries＇ environmental measures, but held that the host countries＇ environmental measures were indirect expropriation meas- ures to foreign investment. In international investment arbitration cases, the relationship between the host countries＇ environmen- tal measures and indirect expropriations mainly contains conflicts and contradictions between the host countries＇ powers to protect the environmental public interests and the host countries＇ duties to protect foreign investors＇ property rights. In order to maintain moderate balance between environmental protection and tbreign investment prntection, the goal of environmental protection should be introduced in the preface of investment treaties; mixed standard of the effect and purpose should be established in investment treaties; exception clause to indirect expropriation and appropriate mechanism to limit the discretion right of arhitration tribunal should be built in investment treaties.

关 键 词：国际投资仲裁 东道国环境措施 间接征收 

分 类 号：D99[政治法律—国际法学]