2010～2014年福建省钩端螺旋体病流行病学分析  

Epidemiological analysis on Leptospirosis,Fujian province,2010-2014

作　　者：徐国英[1] 潘敏楠[1] 林代华[1] 李述杨[1] 周淑姮[1] 肖方震[1] 韩腾伟[1] 王加熊[1] 刘菁[1] 邓艳琴[1] 

机构地区：[1]福建省人兽共患病研究重点实验室福建省疾病预防控制中心,福建福州350001

出　　处：《预防医学论坛》2016年第5期362-365,共4页Preventive Medicine Tribune

摘　　要：目的了解福建省钩端螺旋体（钩体）病流行病学特点与调查点情况，为防治提供科学依据。方法对2010～2014年全省钩体病疫情报告进行统计分析，根据全省疫情选取调查点，采集鼠、猪、青蛙的血或肾、尿标本进行钩体培养，采集人、鼠血清测定抗体，分析感染情况和感染菌群。结果2010-2014年福建省共报告钩体病188例，年均发病率为0．10／10万，病死率为o．53％（1／188），病例主要集中在福州、龙岩、南平。7～11月病例数占总的70．74％（133／188）；农民发病例数最高，占57．98％（109／188）。调查点捕获野外鼠937只，密度为5．87％，鼠标本培养获得10株钩体，鼠血清抗体阳性152份，阳性率为27．24％，感染菌群以秋季群、爪哇群为主，占65．79％（100／152）。健康人群钩体血清抗体阳性196份，占18．90％，钩体菌群构成比中以秋季群、流感伤寒群、黄疸出血群为主，占67．35％（132／196）。结论福建省钩体病发病较平稳，近年福州市病例占全省报告数前列。夏秋季为高发季节，青壮年农民为重点人群。鼠是主要传染源，感染率较高，人血清携带菌群复杂。Objective To understand the epidemiological features and the situation of leptospirosis loci in Fujian province,so as to provide scientific basis for its prevention and control. Methods The surveillance data of leptospirosis in Fujian province from 2010 to 2014 were statistically analyzed. Investigation sites were established according to the epidemic situation of the disease. The kidney samples of rats,frogs,pigs and the blood samples of rats were collected for pathogen culture. The blood samples of the people and rats were collected for testing Leptospira antibody. Results Totally 188 cases were reported in Fujian province from 2010 to 2014 and the annual incidence was 0.10/105. The fatality rate was 0.53 %. The cases were mainly distributed in Fuzhou, Longyan and Nanping cities. The cases from July to November ac counted for 70.74%（133/188） of the total,and the farmer patients accounted for 57.98 %（109/188）. 937 wild rats were captured and the density was 5.87% . 10 strains of Leptospira were detected. 152 rat sera were positive and the rate of rat was 27.24%. The serotypes of rats serum were mainly Autumnalis and Javaniea, while that of common people were 196 positive sera and the rate was 18.90 %, and Autumnalis, Grippotyphosa, Icterohaemorrhagiae were dominant serotypes, accounting for 67.35%（132/196）. Conclusion The incidence of leptospirosis in Fujian province remains stable,the repor ted cases are mainly from Fuzhou city. The peaks of incidence are in summer and autumn,and middle-aged farmers are affected mostly. Rats are main host animals and positive rates are higher. There are many Leptospira serotypes detected in people sera.

关 键 词：钩端螺旋体病 流行病学 动物带菌 

分 类 号：R514.4[医药卫生—内科学]