压力超负荷左心室肥大过程中兔心电图的变化  

Dynamic alterations of electrocardiogram during development of pressure over-load cardiac hypertrophy of rabbits

作　　者：闫书妹 常超[1] 衡紫微 刘桂芝[1] 

机构地区：[1]郑州大学第一附属医院物理诊断科,郑州450052

出　　处：《郑州大学学报（医学版）》2016年第2期217-222,共6页Journal of Zhengzhou University(Medical Sciences)

基　　金：河南省卫生厅科技攻关项目2011020016

摘　　要：目的：观察压力超负荷左心室肥大（LVH）过程中兔心电图的动态变化。方法：将55只兔随机分为模型组30只和对照组25只。模型组采用肾上腹主动脉次全结扎法制成压力超负荷LVH模型;对照组除不行腹主动脉缩窄外,其余同上。术前及术后2、4、6、8周行心电图检查,测量12导联QRS波振幅、心电轴、QRS波宽度及QTc间期;同时行超声心动图检查测定左心室下壁厚度（LVIW）、左室后壁厚度（LVPW）及室间隔厚度（IVS）;术前及术后8周行X线检查测量心胸比值。结果：模型组死亡3只,对照组死亡2只。从术后第4周开始模型组兔LVIW、LVPW及IVS明显增增大并逐渐增加（P〈0.05）,术后第8周心胸比值高于术前（P〈0.05）。模型组从术后第2周开始,各导联QRS波振幅明显增大并逐渐增加（P〈0.05）;从术后第4周开始QRS波时间、QTc间期和V1～V3导联R/S比值明显增大并逐渐增加（P〈0.05）。对照组上述指标术前术后无明显变化（P〉0.05）。结论：压力超负荷LVH过程中兔心电图主要表现为下壁及胸前导联QRS波振幅增大、QRS波时间及QTc间期延长、胸前导联R/S比值增大;心电图的变化早于超声表现,具有一定的早期诊断价值。Aim：To find the electrocardiogram（ECG） characteristics during the pressure over-load left ventricular hypertrophy（ LVH） of rabbits.Methods： A total of 55 rabbits were randomly allocated into model group （ n=30 ） and control group（n=25）.The model group was induced to LVH by constriction of abdominal aorta partly.Before operation and the 2nd,4th,6th,and 8th week after operation, 12-lead ECGs were performed to detect QRS-wave amplitude, QRS duration, QTc and R/S ratio;the cardiac ultrasonography was performed to detect left ventricular inferior wall,posterior wall and septal thickness（LVIW, LVPW and IVS）;before operation and the 8th week after operation, chest X-ray exami-nation was performed to detect cardiothoracic ratio .Results： Three rabbits died in model group and two died in control group.From the 4th week, LVIW,LVPW and IVS of model group began to increase and increased gradually（P〈0.05）;cardiothoracic ratio at the 8th week was higher than that before operation（P〈0.05）.QRS-wave amplitude increased in inferior leads and precardiac leads from the 2nd week in model group;from the 4th week in model group, QRS-wave dura-tion and QTc were markedly extended and R/S ratio increased in V1,V2 and V3 leads.The indexes mentioned above in control group had no significant changes （ P〉0 .05 ） .Conclusion： The main changes of ECG during pressure over-load cardiac hypertrophy of rabbits are the increasing of QRS-wave amplitude in inferior leads and precardiac leads ,QRS-wave duration,QTc and the R/S ratio in precardiac leads.ECG has certain value in the early diagnosis of hypertensive left ven-tricular hypertrophy.

关 键 词：兔 压力超负荷 左心室肥厚 心电图 

分 类 号：R540.4[医药卫生—心血管疾病]