伪满时期农村金融合作社的发展变迁及其影响  

Change and Influence of the Rural Financial Cooperatives in the Period of Puppet Manchukuo

作　　者：高强[1] 毛飞[2] 

机构地区：[1]农业部农村经济研究中心,北京100810 [2]中国人民大学农业与农村发展学院,北京100872

出　　处：《古今农业》2016年第2期52-61,共10页Ancient and Modern Agriculture

基　　金：农业部软科学项目"农民合作社内部资金互助试点跟踪研究"(201529-1);国家社科基金青年项目"农民专业合作社融资创新理论与实践研究"(10CJY043)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：进入20世纪后,中国乡村社会出现普遍性危机。在日本殖民势力的直接干预下,伪满政府在中国东北地区组织开展了一场"自上而下"的合作运动。合作运动经历了金融合作社、农事合作社与兴农合作社三个不同的发展阶段,并形成了"北满型"与"南满型"两种不同的合作道路。金融合作社是农村合作金融制度的主要形式,承担着消除农业恐慌、恢复农业生产的重任。近代东北地区农村社会结构与政治经济形态构成了合作运动开展的基础,也在一定程度上决定了合作社的功能、属性与历史走向。历史证明,金融合作社虽然在促进农业生产方面取得了一定的积极效果,但是改变不了其"统制"本性,逐渐沦为地主富农谋利的工具,也注定了金融合作社失败的命运。Since the 20th century, universal crisis appeared in China＇ s rural society. Under the regime of Japanese puppet Manchukuo, the Manchurian government launched a top-- down rural cooperation movement in Northeastern China. Cooperation movement experienced three stages： financial cooperative, farming cooperation and rural revitalization cooperation, forming into two different cooperation paths of Northern Man type and Southern Man type. Financial cooperatives is the mainstay of rural cooperative financial system. It un- dertakes the functions of eliminating agricultural famine and resuming agricultural production. The rural social structure and political economy formed the foundation ot cooperation movement＇ s development at Northeastern area in modern time, also determined the function, property and development direction of cooperation to some degree. History shows that financial cooperatives achieved some good results in boosting production, but could not change the administrative nature and finally evolved into a controlling tool of the Manchurian government policy system.

关 键 词：伪满洲国 农村合作运动 合作金融 信用合作 

分 类 号：F832.9[经济管理—金融学]