间作百喜草对油橄榄根际微环境及抗旱生理的影响  

Influences of intercropping Paspalum notatum on the olives rhizosphere microenvironment and drought resistant physiology

作　　者：杨宏伟[1,2] 李自龙[1,3] 梁恕坤[4] 焦健[5] 李朝周[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学生命科学技术学院,兰州730070 [2]甘肃省作物遗传改良和种质创新重点实验室,兰州730070 [3]中国科学院成都生物研究所,成都610041 [4]临沂大学,临沂276005 [5]甘肃农业大学林学院,兰州730070

出　　处：《应用与环境生物学报》2016年第3期455-461,共7页Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD06B03);甘肃省农牧厅项目(GNSW-2012-21);甘肃农业大学林学院中青年创新基金项目资助~~

摘　　要：以10年树龄油橄榄植株为试验材料,通过控制土壤含水量及间作或不间作百喜草,测定油橄榄根际土壤理化指标、土壤肥力相关酶活性及叶片生理生化指标,探究间作百喜草对油橄榄根际微环境和叶片抗旱生理的影响.结果表明:随着水分供应减少,油橄榄叶片细胞膜稳定指数显著下降,超氧阴离子(O_2ˉ·)产生速率、丙二醛(MDA)含量及过氧化氢(H_2O_2)含量上升,这表明干旱对油橄榄叶片造成了一定的胁迫和伤害;间作百喜草后,一方面提高了油橄榄叶片细胞膜稳定指数,抑制了O_2ˉ·产生速率、MDA含量及H_2O_2含量的上升,增加了可溶性糖、脯氨酸、Vc和还原型谷胱甘肽含量,增强了超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)及过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性;另一方面提高了土壤酶活性,降低了土壤的pH值,并从整体上提高了油橄榄的根系活力,增加了土壤有机质含量.其中以细胞膜稳定指数、脯氨酸含量、CAT活性、土壤转化酶活性和根系活力等指标在Water-2处理下变化最为显著,较不间作百喜草分别提高了20.2%、14.9%、24.3%、177.9%和15.9%.可见间作百喜草能够有效改善油橄榄根际土壤微环境,提高油橄榄自身的抗氧化能力,增强油橄榄的整体抗旱性.(图6表1参37)Abstract： This study aimed to investigate the influences of intercropping Paspalum notatum on the olive rhizosphere microenvironment and drought resistant physiology. Ten-year-old olive plants were used as experimental materials to measure the indexes of rhizosphere microenvironment and drought resistant physiology, including the physical and chemical characteristics of the rhizosphere soil, the soil enzymes activities and the olive leaves＇ resistant physiology. The results showed that with intensified drought stress, the membrane stability index （MSI） of olive leaves decreased, while superoxide anion production rate and the contents of MDA and H2O2 increased, indicating drought stress as the cause of the oxidative stress and injuries of olive leaves. The intercropping of P. notatum alleviated the increase of superoxide anion production rate and the contents of MDA and H2O2, therefore helped to increase MSI. It also promoted the contents of soluble sugar, proline, Vc and GSH contents and the activities of SOD, POD and CAT, meanwhile improved the soil fertility related enzymes activities, the organic matter content and the root activity of olive. MSI, proline, CAT, soil invertase and root activities increased significantly under water -2 treatments, compared with non-intercropping P.notstum, by 20.2%, 14.9%, 24.3%, 177.9% and 15.9%, respectively. In summary, intercropping P. notatum improves the soil microenvironment and enhances the antioxidant abilities of olive, thus promotes the drought resistance of olive plants.

关 键 词：油橄榄 干旱胁迫 百喜草 抗性生理 土壤酶活性 

分 类 号：S565.7[农业科学—作物学] S543.9