湿热地区高层住区热环境设计参数对热岛强度的影响研究  

Research on Effects of High-rise Residential Thermal Environmental Design Parameters on Heat Island Intensity in Hot-humid Areas

作　　者：吴杰[1,2] 张宇峰[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学,亚热带建筑科学国家重点实验室,广州510640 [2]广西大学,土木建筑工程学院,广西工程防灾与结构安全重点实验室,防灾减灾与工程安全教育部重点实验室,南宁530004

出　　处：《建筑科学》2016年第6期1-13,共13页Building Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“绿色住区参数化优化设计方法-以湿热地区为例”(51408137);广西理工科学实验中心“湿热地区住区热岛强度快速计算方法研究”(YXKT2014018);新世纪优秀人才支持计划资助

摘　　要：减缓住区热岛强度是绿色建筑和生态城市建设的重要内容。以往研究从局部和整体层面对湿热地区住区气温及热岛强度展开测试和研究。本文以广州高层住区为例,在夏季晴热天气条件下开展住区现场实测。测试指标主要包括郊区、城区和住区的气温以及住区热环境设计参数。文章从城区、住区、测点三个尺度,分析探讨气温和热岛强度的变化特征以及形成机制。研究指出,以郊区气象站为基准计算住区热岛强度,因受所在城区局地热岛强度的影响,无法合理评价不同住区热环境设计的优劣,而以城区气象站为基准,可避免局地热岛的干扰,计算和评价更为合理。热环境设计参数,即天空角系数、阴影率和叶面积指数,是影响住区和测点热岛强度的关键因素。热岛强度的定义应取同一尺度或相邻尺度空间的气温差。Mitigation of residential heat island intensity（ RHI） is important for green building and eco-city construction. Previous studies involve the partial and overall measurement and research of residential air temperature and heat island intensity in hot-humid areas. The present paper conducted field measurements of air temperature,shaded area ratio（ SAR）,leaf area index（ LAI） and sky view factor（ SVF） at the high-rise communities in Guangzhou in sunny summer days,and studied the variation characteristic and formation mechanism of air temperature and heat island intensity in the suburbs,urban area and residential quarters.. The results show that it is not reasonable to define RHI based on suburban meteorological station due to the significant impact of local urban heat island,while RHI should be defined based on nearby district meteorological station to avoid that impact.The main thermal design parameters that influence RHI and point heat island intensity include SAR,LAI and SVF.Heat island intensity should be defined according to the air temperature difference in a single-scale space or between multi-scale spaces.

关 键 词：住区热岛强度 城区热岛强度 湿热地区 热环境设计参数 现场测试 空间尺度 

分 类 号：TU119.4[建筑科学—建筑理论]