人工模拟增温和氮素添加对称多县高山嵩草-杂类草草甸垂穗披碱草生长与群落特征的影响  

Effects of artificially simulated warming and nitrogen addition on the growth and community characteristics of Elymus nutans in alpine Kobresia and weedy meadow in Chengduo county

作　　者：王伟[1] 芦光新[2] 德科加[1] 

机构地区：[1]青海省畜牧兽医科学院,西宁810016 [2]青海大学农牧学院草业科学系,西宁810016

出　　处：《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2016年第7期134-137,141,共5页Heilongjiang Animal Science And veterinary Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41161084);农业部公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201203007);青海大学综合实力提升工程建设项目(4056050601)

摘　　要：为了探讨高寒草甸优势物种垂穗披碱草(Elymus nutans)对全球气候变化的响应,在野外条件下对称多县高山嵩草-杂类草草甸进行模拟增温和氮素(铵态氮、硝态氮)添加试验,对垂穗披碱草的生物学性状(如高度、茎叶重、穗重、穗长及重要值等指标)进行综合比较,研究增温施氮对其生长与生存的影响。结果表明:垂穗披碱草高度在增温施氮处理下显著高于其他处理(P<0.05),且垂穗披碱草的高度、穗长、穗重及茎叶重在增温施铵态氮处理下显著高于其他处理(P<0.05);垂穗披碱草在群落中的适应特征对增温和氮素添加的响应存在差异,特别是增温施铵态氮对垂穗披碱草群落特征的影响最迅速,且重要值大于其他处理。说明增温施铵态氮处理对垂穗披碱草的生长有显著促进作用。To investigate Elymus nutans as dominant species of alpine meadow in response to global climate change, simulated warming and nitrate addition test with ammonium and nitrate nitrogen were performed in alpine Kobresia and weedy meadow in Chengduo county under field conditions. The biological traits of Elymus nutans were comprehensively compared, including the height, stem and leaf weight, spike weight, important value, and other indexes. The effects of treatments with warming and applying nitrogen on the growth and survival of Elymus nutans were also studied. The results showed that the height of Elymus nutans under the treatment Of warming with applying nitrate nitrogen was signifi- cantly higher （ P 〈 0.05 ） than other treatments, and the height, spike height and stem and leaf weight under the treatment of warming with applying ammonium nitrogen were significantly higher （P 〈 0.05 ） than other treatments. There were differences in the adaptive characteristics of Elymus nutan. in the community in response to warming and nitrogen addition, especially the effect of treatment of warming with applying ammonium nitrogen on the community characteristics were most rapid, and the important value was greater than the other treatments. The results indicate that the treatment of wanning with applying ammonium nitrogen has a significant role in promoting the growth of Elymus nutans.

关 键 词：高寒草甸 垂穗披碱草 模拟增温 氮素添加 高度 地上生物量 

分 类 号：S543.9[农业科学—作物学] S812.29