有机物性质对混凝-微滤-纳滤去除水中重金属的影响  

Influence of organic matter property on heavy metal removal by combined coagulation-microfiltration and nanofiltration processes

作　　者：钱飞跃[1,2,3] 史梦婷[1] 王建芳[1,2,3] 刘小朋[1] 王翻翻[1] 

机构地区：[1]苏州科技大学环境科学与工程学院,苏州215009 [2]江苏省环境科学与工程重点实验室,苏州215009 [3]江苏省水处理技术与材料协同创新中心,苏州215009

出　　处：《环境工程学报》2016年第7期3634-3640,共7页Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering

基　　金：江苏省自然科学基金资助项目(BK20150284);江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目;苏州科技学院科研项目(331311203)

摘　　要：为了探明有机物性质对混凝-微滤-纳滤去除水中重金属的影响,将腐殖酸和乙酸分别作为背景有机物,系统考察了组合工艺对镉(Cd)、铜(Cu)、镍(Ni)和锌(Zn)的去除效能及其膜通量变化过程,并通过物料衡算对4种重金属的去除行为进行了比较分析。结果表明,当原水中不含有机物时,Cu的截留率最高,达到97%以上,纳滤膜是去除其他3种重金属的主要步骤。随着原水中腐殖酸含量的增大,混凝-微滤阶段对重金属的截留能力显著增强,膜通量衰减速度加快。相反地,乙酸的存在对于组合工艺处理效能具有明显的负面效应。此时,重金属既不能被铝盐絮体有效吸附,也不能通过静电作用截留在NF膜表面。4种重金属在滤液和浓水中的回收率R_(rec)都超过了80%,膜通量的变化与处理无机重金属溶液时相近。To understand the effect of the properties of organic matter on heavy metal removal by combined coagulation-microfiltration and nanofiltration,humic acid or acetic acid was chosen as an organics background in raw water,and the rejection of Cd,Cu,Ni,and Zn in different processes and the flux evolution of the membrane permeate were investigated in this study. Additionally,the removal of heavy metals was also analyzed based on material balance. The results indicated that the highest rejection of over 97% was achieved for Cu,and also that nanofiltration would be the main step for the removal of other heavy metals from solutions containing inorganic species. The rejection performance of the coagulation-microfiltration process increased significantly with increasing humic acid concentration in the raw water,whereas the flux declined notably. Moreover,dosing with acetic acid exerted an adverse effect the on permeate quality since it weakened both the adsorption and complexation of alum flocs and the electrostatic interaction with the NF surface. The recovery of heavy metals,R_（rec）,was higher than 80%,with the flux level close to that for inorganic solution purification.

关 键 词：有机物性质 重金属去除 络合作用 微滤 纳滤 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]