不同任务下汉语言语产出中词类信息的激活研究  

Task-based Activation of Word Class Information in Chinese Speech Production

作　　者：冯浩[1] 冯丽萍[2] 

机构地区：[1]首都师范大学国际文化学院 [2]北京师范大学汉语文化学院

出　　处：《世界汉语教学》2016年第3期419-432,共14页Chinese Teaching in the World

基　　金：国家社科基金重点项目(12AZD113);国家社科基金一般项目(14BYY146)的支持

摘　　要：本文采用3个实验,考察词语产出和短语产出任务下,汉语母语者和印欧语为母语的高水平汉语二语者言语产出中词类信息的激活。研究发现,词语产出任务中,汉语母语者在词汇语义相关的条件下,激活了词类信息;而高水平二语者未表现出词类信息的激活。"动词+过"和"动词+了"短语产出任务中,汉语母语者由于受句法使用条件的限制,激活了词语的词类信息;而高水平二语者由于句法知识和语言使用经验的不足,未表现出词类信息的激活。研究结果说明,词类信息在汉语言语产出中具有一定的作用。我们建议本体研究可以从多角度探讨词类问题,汉语教学应关注有关词类教学方法的有效性和多样性。This study investigates the activation of word class information in speech production by native speakers of Chinese vis-a-vis Indo-European speakers with advanced Chinese proficiency.In three sets of experiments,the two groups were assigned the tasks of using words and phrases to name pictures.The results show that the native speakers of Chinese,when generating words under the circumstances of lexical semantics,were able to activate word class information in speech production,while advanced non-native speakers were unable to do so.When generating phrases with the structures such as＂verb＋guo（过）＂and＂verb＋le（了）＂,the native speakers of Chinese were able to activate word class information according to the syntactic restrictions of such structures;in contrast,advanced non-native Chinese speakers were unable to conduct the activation due to the lack of syntax knowledge and language using experience.It is then suggested that word class information plays a certain role in Chinese language production.On the basis of this finding,Chinese language study should approach word class information from multiple perspectives,and Chinese language education be more concerned about the effectiveness and diversity of word class information teaching.

关 键 词：言语产出 词语产出任务 短语产出任务 语义关系 词类信息 

分 类 号：H19[语言文字—汉语]