经口气管插管患者口腔护理的评估及操作现状调查  

A survey of oral care assessment and practice for orotracheally intubated patients in intensive care units in China

作　　者：温淼淼[1] 曾铁英[1] 赵梅珍[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学同济医学院附属同济医院护理部,武汉市430030

出　　处：《中华护理杂志》2016年第7期858-863,共6页Chinese Journal of Nursing

基　　金：湖北省自然科学基金资助项目(2013CFB148);华中科技大学自主创新研究基金项目(2015LC059)

摘　　要：目的了解我国ICU护士对经口气管插管患者实施口腔护理的评估及操作现状,明确存在问题,为规范临床口腔护理行为提供参考。方法采用自行设计的经口气管插管患者口腔护理评估及操作量表对全国495名ICU护士进行问卷调查。结果评估维度和操作维度均分别为(3.38±0.78)分和(3.25±0.91)分;不同科室的ICU护士在评估和操作水平上得分均具有显著性差异(P<0.05);棉球/棉签/纱布擦拭法(52.1%)是最常见的口腔护理方式,其次是擦拭加冲洗法(31.1%),牙刷刷洗法仅占12%。结论我国经口气管插管患者的口腔护理评估和操作整体执行情况较好,但仍存在一些不足,需加快建立基于循证的全国性口腔护理操作规范及口腔评估工具,并依据各科室不同文化加强对ICU护士口腔护理的培训,以正确指引口腔护理实践。Objective To understand the status quo of oral care assessment and practice for orotracheally intu- bated patients in intensive care units in China and to analyze the existing problems as well as to provide refer- ences for regulating oral care practice. Methods A total of 495 nurses were recruited and investigated by a self- designed questionnaire. Results The average scores of assessment dimension and practice dimension were 3.38± 0.78 and 3.25±0.91,respectively. The scores of assessment and practice scales had significant differences among nurses from different intensive care units. Cotton ball/cotton bud/gauze swabbing （52.1%） were the most common way of oral care,followed by swabbing with rinsing （31.1%）,and tooth brushing method only accounted for 12% of all methods. Conclusion Oral care assessment and practice for orotracheally intubated patients in intensive care units in China were performed well,but unsatisfactory aspects still existed. Evidence-based oral care practice staff- dards and oral assessment tools should be built,and oral care training of ICU nurses should be strengthened according to culture of different departments in an effort to direct nurses to provide oral care correctly.

关 键 词：口腔 气管 护理评估 横断面研究 

分 类 号：R473.78[医药卫生—护理学]