黄宗羲“明文正宗”说的文学史思考  

The Thinking from Literature History on Huang Zongxi's Theory of "Orthodox Prose in Ming Dynasty"

作　　者：李圣华[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江师范大学人文学院

出　　处：《中州学刊》2016年第5期145-153,共9页Academic Journal of Zhongzhou

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大招标项目"<明文海>;<明文案>;<明文授读>及张宗祥<增订明文海>整理与研究"(14ZDB074)

摘　　要：何为"明文正宗",历来争讼纷然,清初尤剧。黄宗羲"明文正宗"说是最具代表性的一种批评观念。黄宗羲鼓吹浙东文统,他将归有光与震川后派娄坚、唐时升、钱谦益、顾大韶、张大复、艾南英列入"明文正宗",又提出一些批评看法,值得详作剖析。自明嘉靖起,以震川一派为代表的吴中文统与浙东文统多有交叉融合。黄宗羲与震川一派论文相合有五:根柢"六经";参之以史;不染七子复古习气;非八股时文样式;"一往情深"。黄宗羲与震川一派不相合有四:不满震川一派经史研讨之功稍疏;独尊阳明之学与阳明之文;论文不离浙东学统;批评震川后派摹仿熙甫文法。相合五条可见其相近的"明文正宗"评价标准,不合四条体现了黄宗羲独特的明文批评理论。黄宗羲之说虽有历史与地域局限性,但足可概观一代文章大端,对清代文章主流风格的演变影响深远。Each period of time has its own prose style. What is ＂ Orthodox Prose in Ming Dynasty ＂ , which had always been a dispute, especially in the early Qing Dynasty？ Huang Zongxi＇s theory of orthodox prose was the most representative critical thought. As the originator of Zhedong School, Huang Zongxi advocated the tradition of Zhedong prose, and considered Gui Youguang and his suc- cessor Lou Jian, Tang Shisheng, Qian Qianyi, Gu Dashao, and Zhang Dafu as the ＂Orthodox Prose in Ming Dynasty＂. There were five coincidences and four differences between Huang Zongxi and Zhengchuan school, which reflected the traditional divergence of literature and learning between Zhedong area and Wuzhong area. Huang Zongxi＇s theory of ＂Orthodox Prose in Miug Dynasty＂ had its special val- ue and effect on the history of Chinese literature.

关 键 词：黄宗羲 “明文正宗”说 归有光 震川后派 文学史思考 

分 类 号：I207[文学—中国文学]