城市植被碳固存研究进展  

Progress in Studies on Carbon Sequestration of Urban Vegetation

作　　者：史琰[1] 葛滢[2] 金荷仙[1] 任远[2] 屈泽龙 包志毅[1] 常杰[2] 

机构地区：[1]浙江农林大学风景园林与建筑学院,临安311300 [2]浙江大学生命科学学院,杭州310058

出　　处：《林业科学》2016年第6期122-129,共8页Scientia Silvae Sinicae

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31400607);浙江农林大学人才启动项目(2013FR073);浙江农林大学人才启动项目(2014FR080)

摘　　要：城市植被是城市生态系统碳循环中的一个重要贮存库。本综述期望促进对城市植被碳固存的理解。采用文献分析软件Hist Cite,分析城市植被碳固存的研究现状。重点评述城市植被碳固存的研究方法、碳固存能力及其影响因素,以确定城市植被碳固存的研究重点。城市植被碳固存研究始于20世纪90年代初期,2009年后研究活跃度增加。已有的研究热点集中在城市植被碳固存能力的地域性评估以及城市植被减少二氧化碳排放研究。地面调查法和遥感估算法是研究城市植被碳固存的主要方法。目前城市植被碳固存的地面调查法主要参考了森林生态调查的方法体系。城市植被比自然森林具有更高的异质性,生长环境也存在差异,因此需要发展适用于城市植被特点的调查方法。遥感估算法在空间化方面具有显著优势,然而城市建成区的空间分辨率精度相对较低,即使有高精度的可利用数据,但通常也是非常昂贵的。城市植被可直接或间接地减少大气中的碳含量,直接途径为植被生长的碳固存,间接途径为城市植被抵消化石燃料的使用,主要有减少建筑能耗、降低城市热岛效应、引导绿色交通等。近年来,国内外该方向研究正在从评估城市植被碳固存能力转向深入研究人类和自然双重影响下的深层次影响机制。城市植被碳固存的主要影响因素包括植物生长与更替、土地类型利用及其变化、人类设计以及养护管理等。目前比较清晰的研究结果有:城市植被多处于幼龄期,比野外森林具有更高的碳吸收强度;湿润地区土地利用从森林向建成区的改变将降低碳储存;城市植被碳固存对抵消建成区CO_2排放有一定的贡献;养护管理可促进植被碳固存,但养护管理带来的碳排放不容忽视。随着对城市植被固碳功能重要性认识的逐步加深,将有更多地区开展城市植被碳固存能力评估�Urban vegetation is an important sink for carbon cycling in urban ecosystems. This study aims to promote the understanding of carbon sequestration in urban ecosystems. The literature analysis software Hist Cite was used,to review current status of studies on carbon sequestration in urban ecosystems both in China and abroad. The review highlighted research methodology,capacity of carbon sequestration and influential factors,and priorities of carbon sequestration studies were identified. Study of carbon sequestration in urban vegetation started in the early 1990 s and attracted increasing attention since 2009. The existing literatures focus on regional assessment and reduction in carbon emission.Ground survey and estimation based on remote sensing images were the main methods used in studying carbon sequestration in urban vegetation. Currently the ground survey mainly uses the methodology of forest ecological survey. However,due to different growing conditions and higher spatial heterogeneity in urban vegetation in comparison to natural forests,it is necessary to develop a new method for estimating carbon sequestration that is adaptive to urban ecosystems. The remote sensing method is better for large- scale analysis and is spatially explicit. Nevertheless,it also suffers from relatively lowaccuracy in land- cover classification in urban ecosystems. Even high spatial- resolution images are available,it is often very costly. Urban vegetation can reduce carbon concentration in the atmosphere directly via biomass accumulation or indirectly through the reduction in fossil fuel consumption. Such indirect pathways include the reduction in energy consumption of urban infrastructure,the alleviation of hot island effect,and the promotion of green transportation etc. In recent years,focus of the studies is shifting from carbon sequestration capacity assessment to the underlying mechanisms of its dynamics under both human and natural disturbance. Factors that influence carbon sequestration in urban vegetation mainly include p

关 键 词：城市林业 植被生态 碳储存 碳排放 管理措施 生命周期 绿地 

分 类 号：S731.2[农业科学—林学]