我国乡镇图书馆建设中的话语与话语性实践——基于政策文本和建设案例的分析  

Discourses and Discursive Practices of Township Libraries in China

作　　者：于良芝[1] 李亚设[1] 权昕[2] 

机构地区：[1]南开大学商学院信息资源管理系,教授博士生导师天津300071 [2]新加坡南洋理工大学,硕士生新加坡637121

出　　处：《中国图书馆学报》2016年第4期4-19,共16页Journal of Library Science in China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目"信息不平等的发生机理和政策启示研究"(编号:71273141)的研究成果之一~~

摘　　要：本文以我国图书馆界对普遍均等公共图书馆服务体系的追求为背景,旨在考察现有乡镇图书馆建设所依据的"乡镇图书馆"意义(meaning)及其对全覆盖公共图书馆服务体系的影响。该研究按照话语分析的思路,审视了20世纪80年代以来我国中央政府出台的10份涉及乡镇图书馆服务的政策文本和四个县级行政区划中12个乡镇的图书馆服务。研究显示,我国涉及乡镇图书馆服务的政策可以分为三类:基层公共文化政策、乡镇综合文化站政策和图书馆事业政策。它们包含的乡镇图书馆相关陈述隶属于两大话语体系:我国基层公共文化话语和世界公共图书馆话语。前者将乡镇图书馆等同于乡镇文化站图书室,并将其排除在公共图书馆范畴之外;后者将乡镇图书馆界定为公共图书馆的基层服务网点,将其视为公共图书馆覆盖率不断扩大的必然结果。本研究分析的三类政策中,基层公共文化政策和乡镇综合文化站政策同属于我国基层公共文化话语;图书馆事业政策则杂糅了世界公共图书馆话语和我国基层公共文化话语的陈述,表现了它试图调和两种不同话语体系的努力。本研究调研的12个乡镇(包括5个已经开展总分馆体系建设的乡镇)都是按基层公共文化话语建构的乡镇图书馆意义(即"乡镇图书馆=乡镇综合文化站图书室!公共图书馆")在打造乡镇图书馆服务。本研究认为,这种意义及其实践无法产生专业化公共图书馆服务,是普遍均等公共图书馆服务的新瓶颈。The purpose of this paper is to examine the discursive formations that underpin township library development and their impact on the nation＇s pledged target to develop a universal public library service for all. The study is based on a Foucauldian style of discourse analysis. It first analyzes 10 policies issued by the central government since the 1980s, and then analyzes the library service provision in 12 townships in four county-level regions. The policy documents are chosen because of their relevance for township cultural serv- ices （ which include the library service）. Analysis of these documents is focused on three clusters of state- ments： those concerning township library service itself, those concerning the broader service of which the township library service forms a part, and those concerning the relationship between the library service and the broader service. The 12 townships are chosen through a mixed sampling procedure. Data about their li- brary services are collected through participant observation and interviews and are analyzed following quali- tative data analysis procedure. The study shows that government policies in which the township library service is mentioned can be classi- fied into three categories： policies on rural culture, policies on township cultural stations and policies on li- brary development. Related policy statements converge on two discursive formations： the grass-root public culture discourse and the world＇s public library discourse. While the world＇s public library discourse defines the township library as an integrated part of the nation＇s public library service which provides people with a range of knowledge, information and cultural resources, the grass-root public culture discourse defines the township library, which it equates with the book-lending reading room, as one of the many grass-root cuhur- al activities housed by the township comprehensive cultural situation. Despite the fact that the grass-root public culture discourse has also named a r

关 键 词：乡镇图书馆 乡镇综合文化站 话语分析 

分 类 号：G259[文化科学—图书馆学]