公众健康信念及生活行为方式现状网络调查  

Current status of health beliefs and lifestyle behaviors from an Internet investigation

作　　者：曾勇军[1] 郭腾飞[1] 王华军[1] 谢良地[1] 

机构地区：[1]福建医科大学附属第一医院,福建省高血压研究所,福建福州350005

出　　处：《中华高血压杂志》2016年第6期535-540,共6页Chinese Journal of Hypertension

基　　金：北京医学奖励基金(Bridge-344)

摘　　要：目的了解社会公众的健康信念和生活行为方式现状,探讨健康信念与生活行为方式的关系。方法以健康信念模型为理论基础自行独立设计自填式问卷,采用方便抽样方法,通过网络调查形式进行问卷收集。结果共收集问卷5332份,调查对象生活行为方式得分为41.3±6.0,不同人口学特征的个体其行为方式表现不同。健康信念与行为方式呈正相关(r=0.362,P<0.01),其中感知行动益处得分(β=0.047,P<0.01)、感知行动障碍得分(β=0.372,P<0.01)、感知行动线索得分(β=0.087,P<0.01)和自我效能得分(β=0.299,P<0.01)均对行为方式有正向作用,而感知疾病易感性(β=-0.051,P<0.01)和感知疾病严重性(β=-0.098,P<0.01)则相反。结论社会公众生活行为方式表现普遍不良,行为方式与个体人口学特征及健康信念意识密切相关,通过健康教育提高公众健康信念意识,促其改变不良行为方式是当下预防控制慢性非传染性疾病的重要措施。Objective To investigate the status and the relationship between the health beliefs and lifestyle behaviors in the current population. Methods A self-administered questionnaire designed independently was developed based on the health belief model（HBM）theory. The data was collected by convenience sampling and network survey method. Results A total of 5332 questionnaires were collected. The mean score of lifestyle behaviors was41.3±6.0 and the scores varied significantly between individuals with different demographic characteristics.Apparently,there was a positive correlation between the health beliefs and lifestyle behaviors（r=0.362,P〈0.01）.Linear regression analysis showed that the score of lifestyle behaviors was positively correlated with perceived benefits（β=0.047,P〈0.01）,perceived barriers（β=0.372,P〈0.01）,cues to action（β=0.087,P〈0.01）and self-efficacy（β=0.299,P〈0.01）. Conversely,perceived susceptibility（β=-0.051,P〈0.01）and perceived seriousness（β=-0.098,P〈0.01）were negatively correlated with lifestyle behaviors. Conclusion Unhealthy lifestyle behaviors were common among the social public. The lifestyle behaviors were closely related to individual＇s demographic characteristics and health beliefs. To set up population＇s health beliefs and then avoid the unhealthy behaviors via the health education is an important measure to the current prevention and control of chronic non-communicable diseases.

关 键 词：社会公众 慢性非传染性疾病 生活行为方式 健康信念 

分 类 号：R193[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]