2013年大范围雾霾期间京津冀PM_(2.5)质量浓度遥感估算及时空变化的经验正交函数分析  

Remote sensing estimation and the empirical orthogonal function analysis on spatial-temporal variations of PM_(2.5) concentration during the period of large-scale haze in Beijing-Tianjing-Hebei in 2013

作　　者：张文[1] 潘竟虎[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北师范大学地理与环境科学学院,兰州730070

出　　处：《兰州大学学报（自然科学版）》2016年第3期350-356,共7页Journal of Lanzhou University(Natural Sciences)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41361040);甘肃省建设科技攻关项目(JK2012-25);甘肃省高校基本科研业务费项目(2014-63)

摘　　要：利用2013年11月8日-12月15日京津冀地区气溶胶光学厚度(AOT)以及地面环境监测站PM_(2.5)数据,通过近地面气溶胶消光系数公式和线性拟合方法,估算京津冀地区PM_(2.5)质量浓度.对估算结果选取最优的空间插值方法获得大范围雾霾期间京津冀空气污染物分布特征,利用地面监测站PM_(2.5)数据对估算结果进行了精度验证,结果表明,利用AOT基础数据线性拟合模型,能够有效估算大范围雾霾期间PM_(2.5)的质量浓度及空间分布,估算结果与地面监测站数据相关系数为0.78,且二者在分布趋势上表现出良好的一致性.经验正交函数分析方法(EOF)第1模态分析表明,京津冀颗粒物质量浓度自西向东空间变化;时间系数反映PM_(2.5)质量浓度存在明显的周期性震荡.EOF第2模态分析表明,京津冀颗粒物质量浓度时间-空间变化呈现北部和南部相反分布的特征,时间系数反映了颗粒物质量浓度变化的反位相关系.Combining aerosol optical thickness and PM2.5 data of ground environmental monitoring stations, the PM2.5 concentration during the period of large-scale haze in Beijing-Tianjing-Hebei was estimated by using near-surface aerosol extinction coefficient formulas and the linear fitting method and the estimation accuracy was verified using PM2.5 data of ground stations, and the spatial distribution of PM2.5 concentration was obtained by selecting the optimal spatial interpolation method. Temporal and spatial variation characteristics of PM2.5 mass concentration and aerosol optical properties in Beijing-Tianjing-Hebei background regions were analyzed by adopting the empirical orthogonal function （EOF）. The results showed that the linear fitting model, which uses aerosol optical thickness, can effectively estimate the PM2.5 concentration and its spatial distribution during the period of a large range of haze. The correlation coefficient between PM2.5 concentration estimation results and ground monitoring station data was 0.78, showing a good consistency in the distribution trend. The first mode of EOF analysis showed that PM2.5 concentration in Beijing-Tianjing-Hebei background regions varied from the west to the east. The time coefficient showed an obvious periodic oscillation. The second mode reflected that the anomaly of PM2.5 concentration in some parts of the zone, the phase distribution of spatial pattem in the south and north of the region, and the fluctuation of its corresponding time coefficients were more obvious.

关 键 词：PM2.5 雾霾 遥感 空间分布 经验正交函数 

分 类 号：X513[环境科学与工程—环境工程]