SEDS技术制备亚微米RDX的喷嘴结构设计  

Design of Nozzle Structure for SEDS Technology to Prepare Sub-micron RDX Particles

作　　者：蔡兴旺[1] 杨继华[1] 张景林[1] 徐宏妍[1] 

机构地区：[1]中北大学化工与环境学院,山西太原030051

出　　处：《含能材料》2016年第7期678-685,共8页Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials

基　　金：国家青年自然基金资助(61501408)

摘　　要：为了制备粒度分布窄的亚微米黑索今（RDX）球形颗粒，设计出一种适用于超临界流体增强溶液扩散（SEDS）技术的喷嘴。该喷嘴利用气流雾化原理，在结构上采用环缝、微孔湍流区等技术，使CO2流体在喷嘴内高速流动，解决了常规内部混合喷嘴易堵、制备粒度大等问题。经实验验证，在相同工艺条件（温度35℃、压力10MPa、CO2流量15kg·h-1、RDX溶液流量2mL·min-1）下，采用法国SFP2超临界萃取仪原装内混式喷嘴制备出分布区间3—15μm的微米级RDX球形颗粒，制备过程易堵；采用新结构喷嘴（中心孔内径及其壁厚值均为0．1mm、环缝宽度为0．1mm、湍流区长径比为10：1、压力差为1MPa）制备出的RDX粒度分布区0．1～2μm、平均粒度660nm、粒度形貌好、无团聚的亚微米RDX球形颗粒，制备过程顺畅，解决了易堵问题。In order to obtain a narrow distribution, spherical, smaller size, sub-micron particles RDX, a nozzle for solution en- hanced dispersion by supercritical fluids（SEDS） technology has been designed. Based on the principle of gas atomization, the ring slit structure and the microporous turbulent zone were used, so that CO2 fluid flowed in the nozzle in high speed, the problems of block, too large size particles issues have been solved. Research shows that under the same experimental conditions, temperature is 35℃, pressure is 10 MPa, CO2 flow rate is 15 kg · h-1 , RDX solution flow rate is 2 mL · min-1 , when the original internal mix- ing nozzle of SFP2 instrument is used, RDX particles of the distribution range from 3 μm to 15 μm are collected, the process of preparation is easy to jam. However, when the novel structure nozzle is used, sub-micron RDX particles are collected, which has a distribution range from 0. 1 μm to 2 μm, and the average particle diameter is 660 nm. Both the inner diameter and the wall thickness of center hole are 0.1 mm, ring slit width is 0.1 mm, turbulent zone length to diameter ratio is 10 ： 1, pressure difference is 1 MPa. The problem of jam in the preparation process is resolved perfectly by the novel nozzle.

关 键 词：超临界流体 亚微米黑索今(RDX) 喷嘴 超临界流体增强溶液扩散技术(SEDS) 

分 类 号：TQ560.5[化学工程—炸药化工]