宁夏盐池苦豆子和芨芨草的群落组成及特征  

Plant Community Composition and Characteristics of Sophora alopecuroides and Achnatherum splendens in Yanchi County of Ningxia

作　　者：邵文山 李国旗[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学西北土地退化与生态恢复国家重点实验室培育基地,宁夏银川750021 [2]宁夏大学西北退化生态系统恢复与重建教育部重点实验室,宁夏银川750021

出　　处：《贵州农业科学》2016年第6期159-163,共5页Guizhou Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31540007);国家科技支撑计划资助项目(2011BAC07B03)

摘　　要：为给宁夏盐池沙边子地区荒漠草原的生态维护提供依据,选择苦豆子(Sophora alopecuroides)和芨芨草(Achnatherum splendens)2种典型植物群落,采用之字形样线法,在每种植物群落样地设置5条样线,每条样线上取6个1m×1m样方,调查植被的高度、盖度、多度和频度等。计算每种植物的重要值,分析该地区2种典型植物群落的植被组成和群落特征,采用Shannon-Wiener指数、Simpson多样性指数、均匀度指数和物种丰富度指数分析植物的多样性。结果表明:苦豆子群落中有15种植物,隶属于9个科15个属,芨芨草群落中有14种植物,隶属于7个科11个属。2种植物群落的植物组成以多年生草本为主,一年生植物种类虽少但其多度和频度较高。2种植物群落多样性虽不是很高,但相对于荒漠草原其稳定性较强,2种群落属于轻度相似,但优势种又差异明显。To provide references for ecological maintenance of desert steppe,the authors took two kinds of typical plant community for examples,respectively S.alopecuroides and A.splendens.The authors use the trace of zigzag and set five lines in each phytocoenosium,get six samples,of which the dimension is 1 m×1 m,and obtain sixty samples in total.The focus are on investigating the height,coverage,abundance and frequency of the vegetation and calculating the important value of each vegetation to analyze the phytocoenosium structure and characteristics,using the Shannon-Wiener index,Simpson diversity index,evenness index and species richness index to study the plant diversity.The results showed that there are 15 plant species,belonging to 9families and 15 genera to S.alopecuroides and 14 plant species,belonging to 7families and 11 genera to A.splendens,respectively.In the two communities,most plants are perennial herbs,and annual plant species is less but their abundance and frequency are higher than perennial herbs.The diversity of the two communities is not enough high,but the stability is stronger than the desert grassland.In addition,the two communities are mild similar,but dominant species have obvious differences.

关 键 词：植物群落 苦豆子 芨芨草 多样性 

分 类 号：Q145.2[生物学—生态学]