自动需求响应模式下光伏用户群的优化运行模型  

Optimal Operation Model of User Group With Photovoltaic in the Mode of Automatic Demand Response

作　　者：马丽 刘念 张建华 雷金勇 曾正[3] 刘伟[4] 

机构地区：[1]新能源电力系统国家重点实验室(华北电力大学),北京市昌平区102206 [2]南方电网科学研究院,广州市越秀区510080 [3]输配电装备及系统安全与新技术国家重点实验室(重庆大学),重庆市沙坪坝区400044 [4]中国电力科学研究院,北京市海淀区100192

出　　处：《中国电机工程学报》2016年第13期3422-3432,3361,共11页Proceedings of the CSEE

摘　　要：用户侧光伏的快速发展给电力系统运行带来了新的挑战,而需求侧响应的参与可在节约用户成本、提高电网运行的经济可靠性等方面发挥积极作用。首先,基于我国分布式光伏相关政策,提出与系统净负荷相关联的用电成本模型,避免采用峰谷电价模型时用户趋向于在电价低谷用电而形成新的负荷高峰。其次,基于博弈论提出针对光伏用户群的需求侧响应模型,并证明该博弈问题存在唯一的纳什均衡策略。求解纳什均衡策略的过程,即是用户寻求最优用电安排的过程,将该过程等效为一个双层优化模型,并基于微分进化算法提出模型求解的方法流程。最后,将模型应用到实际算例之中,验证其在用户成本节约、系统负荷特性优化等方面的有效性。The rapid development of demand side photovoltaic（PV） has brought new challenges to power system operation, whereas the participation of demand response can play a positive role in saving users＇ costs and improving economy and reliability of power grid operation. First of all, cost model associated with the system net load was proposed based on the distributed PV policies of China. This model can avoid new peak load in the model of peak-valley price as users tend to consume electricity with low price. Secondly, the demand side response model of user group with PV was proposed based on the game theory, and the uniqueness of Nash equilibrium was also proved. The process for solving the Nash equilibrium strategy is actually the process of seeking users＇ optimal electricity arrangements. The solving process can be equivalent to a bi-level optimization model, and method and procedure were proposed based on the differential evolution algorithm. Finally, via a practical example, the effectiveness of the model was verified in terms of saving users＇ costs, and optimizing system load characteristic, etc.

关 键 词：光伏用户群 自动需求响应 纳什均衡 可平移负荷 微分进化算法 

分 类 号：TM732[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]