成都市城乡室内氡浓度和γ剂量率调查研究  

Investigation of indoor radon concentration and γ dose rate in urban and rural areas of Chengdu

作　　者：徐立鹏[1,2] 邓晓钦[1] 葛良全[2] 帅震清[1] 林业[2] 郭城[2] 周俊宇[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川省辐射环境管理监测中心站,成都610031 [2]成都理工大学核技术与自动化工程学院,成都610059

出　　处：《辐射防护》2016年第4期224-231,共8页Radiation Protection

基　　金：国家"863计划"项目(2012AA06A61803);国家自然科学基金资助项目(编号:41374136)

摘　　要：采用固体核径迹探测器和热释光剂量计,对成都市城镇和乡村的室内氡浓度与γ剂量率进行了测量。按测量时间、建筑结构、楼层、墙体建筑材料以及墙体装修材料对测量结果进行了比较分析。结果表明:成都市城镇和乡村室内氡浓度的均值分别为(39.5±18.1)Bq/m^3和(38.2±16.3)Bq/m^3,均低于世界平均水平;城镇和乡村的γ剂量率均值分别为(120.1±16.1)n Sv/h和(124.4±16.7)n Sv/h,与氡浓度无相关性。研究发现夏季室内氡浓度较高;低层建筑室内氡浓度受周围环境影响较大,高于高层建筑,并且随着楼层的增高室内氡浓度降低;墙体建筑材料和墙体装修材料对室内浓度有显著影响。This investigation used solid state nuclear track detector and thermolumiescence dosimeter to measure 100 buildings＇ indoor radon concentrations and Y dose rates of the urban and ruralareasin Chengdu. After comparative analysis of the results according to the measuring time, construction structures, stories, the building materials and the metope decoration materials, the results show that the average indoor radon concentration of towns and villages are respectively （39.5 ± 18. 1 ） Bq/m3 and （38.2± 16.3 ） Bq/m3 , which are both lower than the world average ; theaverage dose rate of towns and villages are respectively （ 120.1±16.1 ） nSv/h and （ 124.4 ± 16.7） nSv/h, which have no correlationwith radon concentration. The study found that the indoor radon concentration is higher in summer; the indoor radon concentrations of low-risebuildings are higher than that of high-rise buildings because greatly influenced by the environment. With the stories increase the radon concentration isreduced; the building materials and the metope decoration materials of the wall have significant influence on indoor concentration.

关 键 词：室内氡浓度 1剂量率 楼层 建筑材料 

分 类 号：R144[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]