环状RNA:新型生物标记物与治疗靶点  

Circular RNA:New Type of Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets

作　　者：赵明[1] 谢浩[1] 胡志迪 汪嘉诚 丁先锋[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江理工大学生命科学学院,杭州310018

出　　处：《生物化学与生物物理进展》2016年第7期635-643,共9页Progress In Biochemistry and Biophysics

摘　　要：环状RNA(circular RNAs,circ RNAs)是一类在真核细胞中广泛存在的非编码RNA,具有结构稳定、丰度高及细胞或组织特异性表达等特征,可能通过多种作用方式参与基因表达调控.例如,有些circ RNA富含微小RNA(mi RNAs)结合位点,可充当竞争性内源RNA(ce RNA)结合mi RNA并阻断其对靶基因表达的抑制作用.自2013年以来,circ RNA逐渐成为RNA领域的研究热点并得到广泛关注.最新研究表明,circ RNA的表达及作用与多种疾病的发生发展、生物组织发育及细胞衰老等相关.circ RNA在不同生物样本中的表达差异使其可能成为用于疾病诊断、组织发育鉴定等方面理想的生物标记物,其在疾病中作用方式的逐步阐明,使之具有成为有效治疗靶点的潜力.circ RNA数据库的构建、预测工具的开发及对其作用方式的更深入研究,必将使之具有更广阔的应用前景.Circular RNAs（circ RNAs） represent a class of non-coding RNA widely spreading in eukaryotic cells,with the feathers of structural stability,high abundance,cell or tissue-specific expression and so on.They involve in the regulation gene expression by multiple acting mechanisms.For example,several circ RNAs contain micro RNAs（mi RNAs） competition sites,acting as competing endogenous RNAs（ce RNAs） to sequester micro RNAs and terminate their suppression of targets genes.Ever since 2013,circ RNAs analysis has been a popular research in RNA fields.Recent studies show,circ RNAs＇ expression and action are related to the occurrence or progression of various diseases,development of biologic tissue and cell aging.Their different expression probably make them to be ideal biomarkers in disease diagnosis or identification tissue development.And the clarity of their mechanisms in diseases also make them to be with the potential of effective therapeutic targets.The construction of circ RNA database,the development of prediction tools and the deeply studies of their mechanisms will give a more widely application foreground for circ RNAs.

关 键 词：环状RNA 竞争性内源RNA 微小RNA 基因表达调控 

分 类 号：Q522[生物学—生物化学]