影响马氏珠母贝植核育珠绩效的关键技术研究  

Studies on the techniques to affect pearl production performances in pearl oyster Pinctada martensii

作　　者：符韶[1] 梁飞龙[1] 邓岳文[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东海洋大学珍珠研究所,广东湛江524025

出　　处：《水产养殖》2016年第7期45-50,共6页Journal of Aquaculture

基　　金：广东省海洋渔业科技推广专项项目(Z2014008;Z2015005)

摘　　要：本研究在海水珍珠养殖核心区域流沙湾,通过设置不同术前处理方法、不同配液进行小片保养和不同模式育珠三个实验,比较其对马氏珠母贝植核育珠绩效的影响。术前处理方法分别为抑制性腺、温度差促排、盐度差促排和对照组(A_1、A_2、A_3、AD);小片保养分别为配液1号、配液2号、配液3号、和对照组(B_1、B_2、B_3、BD);育珠模式分别为海区休养与育珠、池塘休养与育珠和池塘休养与海区育珠(C_1、C_2、C_3)。经休养、育珠结束后,比较其育珠绩效相关指标值的差异。实验结果显示:实验Ⅰ中各术前处理组间育珠贝的育珠绩效值差异不具有统计学意义(P>0.05),而各处理组(A_1、A_2、A_3)育珠贝的成活率、留核率、成珠率、优良珠率和育珠绩效值均显著高于对照组(AD)(P<0.05),其中温度差促排组(A_2)具有最高的育珠绩效值;实验Ⅱ中各不同配液保养组间育珠贝的育珠绩效值差异不具有统计学意义(P>0.05);而通过细胞小片保养各组(B_1、B_2、B_3)的育珠绩效值都显著高于对照组(BD)(P<0.05)。其中配液1号组(B_1)具有最高的育珠绩效值;实验Ⅲ中各不同育珠模式组间育珠贝的成活率和留核率:(C_1)与(C_2)之间差异不具有统计学意义(P>0.05),而和(C_3)之间存在统计学意义;育珠贝的成珠率、优良珠率和育珠绩效值:(C_1)与(C_3)之间差异不具有统计学意义(P>0.05),而和(C_2)之间存在统计学意义(P<0.05),;其中池塘休养与海区育珠组(C_3)具有最高的育珠绩效值。Three experiments（Exp I,Exp II and Exp III） were conducted to investigate the effects of condition before nucleus-inserting operation,mantle tissue piece solution and culture method on pearl production performance in pearl oyster Pinctada martensii. In Exp I,four groups（A1,A2,A3 and AD） were set. The A1,A2 and A3were conditioned by inhibiting gonad development,gamete release by water temperature change and gamete release by water salinity change,respectively. The AD group was not conditioned. In Exp II,four groups（B1,B2,B3 and BD） were set. The mantle tissue piece in the B1,B2 and B3groups were treated by Solution 1,2 and 3,which contained chemical compositions. The mantle tissue pieces in the BD group was not treated. In Exp III,three groups（C1,C2 and C3） were set. The oysters in C1,C2 and C3groups were farmed by the protocols of recuperation and culture in the sea,recuperation in the ponds and culture in the sea,and recuperation and culture in the ponds. Pearl production performance was evaluated among the groups in Exp I,Exp II and Exp III. The results showed that there were significant differences in pearl performance values among the four groups in Exp I.Survival rates,retention rates,commercial rates,perfect pearl rates and pearl performance values of the A1,A2 and A3groups were significantly larger than those in the AD group（P〈0.05）. The A2 group had the largest pearl performance values in Exp I. The pearl performance values of B1,B2 and B3were significantly larger than that of the BD group（P〈0.05）. The B1 group had the largest pearl performance value in Exp II. The survival rates and retention rates of the C1 and C2were significantly larger than those of the C3 group in Exp III（P〈0.05）. The commercial pearl rates,perfect rates and pearl performance values of the C1 and C3groups significantly larger than those of the C2 group. The C3 group had the largest pearl performance value in the Exp III.

关 键 词：马氏珠母贝 细胞小片 术前处理 养殖模式 育珠绩效 

分 类 号：S968.31[农业科学—水产养殖]