兔脑炎原虫引起脑细胞凋亡与血脑屏障破坏的关系  

Relationship between apoptosis of brain cells and destruction of blood-brain barrier caused by Encephalitozoon cuniculi

作　　者：潘耀谦[1,2] 李瑞珍[1,2] 梁莹莹[1] 郝军红[1] 张中华[1,2] 全锁配 

机构地区：[1]河南科技学院动物科学学院,河南新乡453003 [2]动物疫病和残留物防控河南省高校工程技术研究中心,河南新乡453003

出　　处：《中国兽医学报》2016年第7期1151-1156,共6页Chinese Journal of Veterinary Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(31372407)

摘　　要：为了研究兔脑炎原虫如何破坏血脑屏障,侵入脑组织并引起脑肉芽肿形成,本试验采用IG染色、MGP染色,TUNEL染色和anti-GFAP染色等方法对26只有典型脑炎原虫病神经症状的病兔和10只健康兔的脑组织进行了详细研究。结果显示:病兔大脑皮质有少部分锥体细胞、血管内皮细胞及星形胶质细胞发生不同程度的凋亡。病损的血管旁有时检出兔脑炎原虫集落,附近的脑组织有巨噬细胞和小胶质细胞聚集形成的细胞性肉芽肿。用特殊染色可在血管内皮细胞、单核细胞和巨噬细胞中检出大量脑炎原虫和集虫泡。大量星形胶质细胞在病损的脑组织部位增生,包绕在聚集的巨噬细胞和小胶质细胞周围形成了肉芽肿。其粗大的足突在血管周围形成了厚层血脑屏障。总之,兔脑炎原虫通过导致血管内皮细胞和星形胶质细胞凋亡的方式而破坏了血脑屏障;通过侵入血管内皮细胞和单核细胞的方式进入脑组织,引起脑损伤。To research how Encephalitozoon cuniculi（EC）destroy the blood-brain barrier,enter into brain tissue and lead to the brain granulomatous formation,the brain tissues of 26 rabbits with typical neurological signs of EC and 10 healthy rabbits were examined detailedly by improved gram（IG）staining,methyl green-pyronin（MGP）staining,terminal-deoxynucleoitidyl transferase mediated nick end labeling（TUNEL）stainig,anti-glial fibrillary acidic protein（anti-GFAP）staining and so on.The results proved that a few of pyramidal cells,vascular endothelial cells and astrocytes displayed the different extent apoptosis.The EC colony was found sometime by the side of the impairment of vessel.The cellular granuloma comprising the macrophages and microglial cells were found nearby the scathing brain tissues.A lot of EC and parasidophorous vacuoles were detected in vascular endothelium,monocytes and macrophage by special staining.A number of astrocytes in lesion region proliferated and enveloped the macrophages and microglial cells and formed the granuloma.The big foot process of astrocytes covered vessels and formed a thick layer of blood-brain barrier.In conclusion,EC damaged the blood-brain barrier through leading to apoptotic way of vascular epithelia and astrocytes,entered the brain tissues by the manner of invading into vascular epithelia and mononuclear cells and caused the lesions in brain tissues.

关 键 词：兔脑炎原虫 脑细胞凋亡 血脑屏障 胶质细胞 肉芽肿 

分 类 号：S852.72[农业科学—基础兽医学]