青海高原禾草内生真菌资源的调查和分离  

Incidence and isolation of endophyte in native grasses of Qinghai Plateau

作　　者：鲍根生[1,2] 张兴旭[1] 李秀璋[1] 魏小星[2] 李春杰[1] 

机构地区：[1]草地农业生态系统国家重点实验室兰州大学草地农业科技学院,甘肃兰州730020 [2]青海省畜牧兽医科学院,青海西宁810016

出　　处：《草业科学》2015年第12期1997-2007,共11页Pratacultural Science

基　　金：国家973计划课题(2014CB138702);国家自然科学基金项目(31372366);教育部创新团队发展计划项目(IRT13019);公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费项目(201203041)

摘　　要：青海高原的高寒特性决定其生境内禾草植物的多样性和特异性,然而有关青海高原地区禾草内生真菌的研究报道较少,本研究对青海高原地区48个样点内禾草植物内生真菌带菌率和内生真菌分离进行了研究。结果表明,14种禾本科植物内生真菌平均感染率低于50%,而12种植物内生真菌平均感染率大于50%。其中,缘毛鹅观草(Roegneria pendulina)、紫花针茅(Stipa purpurea)、醉马草(Achnatherum inebrians)、中华羊茅(Festuca sinensis)、硬质早熟禾(Poa sphondylodes)、微药羊茅(F.nitidula)、毛稃羊茅(F.kirilowii)和紫羊茅(F.rubra)的平均带菌率均超过80%。同时,同属禾草植物内生真菌带菌率存在差异。禾草内生真菌分离率较低,其中紫花针茅、麦宾草(Elymus tangutorum)、光稃早熟禾(P.psiolepis)和异针茅(S.aliena)内生真菌在菌落和分生孢子形态上存在差异。可见,青海高原禾草内生真菌带菌率较高,同时不同禾草内生真菌可能存在多样性。The characteristics of high altitude and low t ity of grass in Qinghai Plateau, however, there were emperature determined the diversity and heterogene- fewer studies about grass endophytes in Qinghai-Ti-collected from 48 locations in Qinghai Plateau were tom infected grasses species. The results demonstra- n 14 tested grass species were above 50O/oo, however, that in 12 tested grasses were below 50%. The average incidence of endophyte infection in several grasses, such as Roeneria pendulina , Stipa purpurea , Achnatherum inebrians, Festuca sinensis, Poa sphondy lodes, F. nitidula, F. kirilovii and F. rubra , were above 80%. Meanwhile, incidence of endophyte infec tion varied in same genus. The isolation frequency of endophyte was relative lower, the morphology of colonial and conidial varied among S. purpurea, Elyrnus tangutorum, P. psilolepis and S. aliena. It was concluded that the endophyte infection in native grass were higher in Qinghai Plateau and the endophyte might diversified among grass＇s species.

关 键 词：青海高原 内生真菌 带菌率 分离率 形态 禾草种类 

分 类 号：Q948.122.3[生物学—植物学]