旱区非饱和带土壤温度时空分布规律  

Research on temporal and spatial distribution of soil temperature in arid regions

作　　者：安可栋[1] 王强民[1] 王文科[1] 王周峰[1] 陈立[1] 张在勇[1] 

机构地区：[1]长安大学旱区地下水文与生态效应教育部重点实验室,西安710054

出　　处：《南水北调与水利科技》2015年第B02期70-73,83,共5页South-to-North Water Transfers and Water Science & Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目“旱区地表-地下水系统界面动力学与水循环研究”（41230314）

摘　　要：包气带温度对土壤水汽热运移起到重要的作用，尤其在干旱地区夏秋时节，土壤温度昼夜变化幅度较大，因而温度对土壤水分的分布的影响。为了探明半旱区土壤剖面温度场的分布及其影响因素，对水位埋深分别为0．5m，2m和5m的试验筒中不同埋深的土壤温度进行实时观测，利用多元线性回归方法对土壤温度与气象因子的关系进行建模，并对模型进行验证。结果发现，在西北半干旱地区，地表0～60cm处包气带剖面土壤温度的日变化较为明显，60cm以下无日变化；随着深度增加，土壤温度振幅减小，相位滞后；太阳辐射是影响土壤温度变化的主要因素；浅层土壤的模型预测值与观测值的相关性较好，深层土壤拟合结果相关性较差。Soil temperature is very important to simulate water, vapor and heat transfer, especially in arid regions. In order to find out the distribution of temperatures in soil profile, soil temperatures in different depths in different observed wells with 0. 5 m, 2 m and 5 m water tables were measured and its variation daily was also recorded in this paper. Additionally, temperatures in soil profile were simulated by linear regression method and validated using measured temperatures in different depths. The results showed that daily temperature varied significantly if depth was 0~60 cm while soil temperature varied not obviously if depth was over 60 cm. With the increase of depth, the amplitude of temperature was decreased and the phase shift had hysteresis. Additionally, it was solar radiation that played the major effect on the soil temperature. Finally, the correlation between the measured and simulated temperature in subsurface is better than＇ deeper soil profile.

关 键 词：包气带 温度场 气象因素 滞后 多元线性回归 

分 类 号：S812[农业科学—草业科学]