穿心莲同源四倍体的诱导与鉴定研究  

Induction of autotetraploids through colchicine treatment in Andrographis paniculata

作　　者：闫斌[1] 潘超美[1] 何洁[1] 付姝颖 张家瑛[1] 苏家贤 

机构地区：[1]广州中医药大学中药学院,广东广州510006

出　　处：《时珍国医国药》2016年第6期1485-1488,共4页Lishizhen Medicine and Materia Medica Research

基　　金：国家中医药行业科研专项(No.201407002)

摘　　要：目的诱导穿心莲的同源四倍体,为穿心莲的种质创新研究奠定基础。方法以穿心莲的种子和刚萌发的成熟胚为诱导材料,采用秋水仙碱为诱导剂进行诱导处理,通过观察叶片形态特征和气孔特征的进行初步筛选,并以流式细胞仪法进行无菌苗倍性水平的鉴定。结果以种子为实验材料诱导得到的变异无菌苗均为嵌合体,以刚萌发的成熟胚为实验材料获得了4株穿心莲的同源四倍体无菌苗,其中以0.075%的秋水仙碱诱导24 h效果最佳,其四倍体诱导率为3.3%。穿心莲的同源四倍体无菌苗与二倍体无菌苗相比,在形态特征上、叶下表皮气孔特征上均存在显著性差异。结论建立了穿心莲同源四倍体的诱导与鉴定方案,初步为后期穿心莲的多倍体培育和种质创新研究奠定了基础。Objective To study the induction of autotetraploid of Andrographis paniculata and establish foundation for improving its germplasm. Methods Seeds and just geminated mature embryos were treated with colchicine. The seedlings with stoma morphology changed were treated as putative plants,which were finally confirmed ploidy level by flow cytometry. Results The methods treated with seeds had obtained no tetraploid seedlings but associated with a large numbers of mixoploids. The method treated with just geminated mature embryos were obtained four autotetraploids,and the group 0. 075% colchicine treated for 24 h for seedlings was the optimal treated group with 3. 3% tetraploid induction rate. Compared with diploids,tetraploid seedlings had with darker leaves,thicker stem,larger stomata size,and slower growth. Conclusion This paper sets up a protocol for obtaining tetraploid seedlings,setting the path for the polyploid breeding and improved germplasm of Andrographis paniculata.

关 键 词：闭花受精 种质 秋水仙碱 嵌合体 多倍体 

分 类 号：S567[农业科学—中草药栽培]