不同消化能/粗蛋白质水平日粮对伊犁马妊娠后期及分娩后血液理化指标的影响  

Effects of Different Dietary DE/CP on Physical and Chemical Indexes of Serum for Yili Mares during late Pregnancy Period and after Delivery

作　　者：王贤东[1] 邓海峰 靳伟星 陈鳌[1] 漆雯雯 张浩[3] 于全平 陈勇[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学动物科学学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830052 [2]伊犁哈萨克自治州昭苏马场,新疆昭苏835500 [3]伊犁职业技术学院动物科学系,新疆伊宁835000

出　　处：《家畜生态学报》2016年第6期30-37,共8页Journal of Domestic Animal Ecology

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划课题(2012BAD45B02)

摘　　要：选取12~13周岁、体重380±48kg、胎次5-6胎,处于妊娠后期的伊犁马25匹,随机分为5个试验组,每组5匹,每匹为一个重复。采用完全随机试验设计,以消化能（DE）和粗蛋白质（CP）水平分别为8.61MJ/kg/8.68%、9.12MJ/kg/9.35%、9.39MJ/kg/9.75%、10.16 MJ/kg/10.68%、11.06 MJ/kg/11.75%（干物质基础）为变量研究饲喂不同DE/CP水平的日粮对妊娠后期及分娩后的血液生理生化指标的影响。结果表明：饲喂不同DE/CP水平日粮对胎盘催乳素、垂体泌乳素、甘油三酯等指标无显著影响（P〉0.05）,但日粮1组血液胰岛素样生长因子水平高出3组30.17%（P〈0.05）;日粮1组血液中肌酐水平低于3组15.4%（P〈0.05）;日粮1组血液FFA水平高出日粮2、4、5组12.5%（P〈0.05）,日粮1组血液中尿素氮水平较日粮3、4、5组分别降低25.06%、26.62%和26.11%（P〈0.01）。与妊娠后期相比,产后血液中雌二醇、孕酮、雌酮、磷、降钙素和甲状腺素极显著降低（P〈0.01）,三碘甲腺原氨酸、生长激素和胰岛素样生长因子I显著下降（P〈0.05）,而甲状旁腺素极显著升高（P〈0.01）。日粮与生理阶段对血液中钙和肌酐含量具有显著的交互作用（P〈0.05）。由此可见,提高日粮消化能和粗蛋白质水平主要影响伊犁马蛋白质和脂肪代谢,表现为降低伊犁马血液中胰岛素样生长因子I和游离脂肪酸水平,增加肌酐和尿素氮水平。Twenty-five Yili mares aged 12-13 years with BW 380±48kg,parity of 5-6in late pregnancy were selected,and were randomly divided into five groups,each group with five repeats.In order to know the effects of dietary DE and CP on physiological and biochemical indexes of serum for Yili mares during late gestation and post partum,five diets with different DE and CP levels were designed based on mare＇s BW of 400 kg.The DE and CP of each group were 8.61 MJ/kg/8.68%,9.12 MJ/kg/9.35%,9.39 MJ/kg/9.75%,10.16 MJ/kg/10.68%,and 11.06 MJ/kg/11.75%（dry matter basis）respectively.The results show that there were no significant differences of serum placental lactogen,prolactin and triglyceride（P〈0.05）.As compared with group 3,the insulin-like growth factor（IGF-I）and creatinine contents of group 1increased by 30.17% and 15.4%（P〈0.05）,respectively.The blood urea nitrogen（BUN）contents of group 1decreased by 25.06%,26.62%and 26.11%（P〈0.01）,as compared with group 3,4and5,respectively.Compared with late pregnancy period,concentrations of serum blood estradiol,progesterone,estrone,phosphorus,calcitonin and thyroxine at postpartum decreased significantly（P〈0.01）,and triiodothyronine,growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor I decreased significantly（P〈0.05）and parathyroid hormone significantly increased（P〈0.01）.The diets and physiological stage showed a significant interaction on serum contents of calcium and creatinine（P〈0.05）.It can be seen that the increased dietary energy and crude protein affected protein and fat metabolism of Yili mares,mainly manifested as decreasing concentrations of serum insulin like growth factor I and free fatty acid,and increasing contents of serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen.

关 键 词：日粮消化能 粗蛋白质 伊犁马 妊娠后期 血液生理生化指标 

分 类 号：S811.5[农业科学—畜牧学]