快通道麻醉与常规麻醉对≤6岁患儿先天性心脏病手术的效果及肺部并发症比较  

Comparison of effects of congenital heart disease surgery and pulmonary complications between fast-track anesthesia and regular anesthesia in ≤ 6-year-old patients

作　　者：韦巧松[1] 卢冰[1] 

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区百色市人民医院麻醉科,广西百色533000

出　　处：《中国现代医生》2016年第15期93-95,共3页China Modern Doctor

摘　　要：目的 比较快通道麻醉与常规麻醉对≤6岁患儿先天性心脏病手术的效果及肺部并发症发生率。方法 收集我院2015年2月~2016年3月收治的30例行快速麻醉患儿为观察组,抽取同期30例采用常规麻醉患儿为对照组,观察和检测两组拔管30 min后血氧分压（Pa O2）、动脉血二氧化碳分压（Pa CO2）、p H值、碱剩余（BE）及胸片双肺膨胀、进食时间、住院时间、肺部感染及支气管痉挛等。结果 快通道麻醉组气管拔管后30 min观察组PaCO2、Pa O2高于对照组相应值,p H值、BE明显低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;观察组进食时间、住院时间明显短于对照组,差异有统计学有意义（P〈0.05）,观察组发生肺部感染和支气管痉挛比例为0,对照组分别为6.7%,16.7%,差异有统计学有意义（P〈0.05）。结论 对≤6岁先天性心脏病患儿应用快通道麻醉可显著改善其术后转归质量,值得临床推广。Objective To compare the effects of congenital heart disease surgery and incidence of pulmonary complica- tions between fast-track anesthesia and regular anesthesia in ≤6-year-old patients. Methods 30 children patients who were given fast-track anesthesia in our hospital from February 2015 to March 2016 were collected as the observation group, and 30 children patients who were given regular anesthesia during the same period of time were collected as the control group. PaO2, PaCO2, pH value and BE 30 min after extubation were observed and tested in both groups, and bilat- eral atelectasis by chest radiography, food intake time, length of stay, pulmonary infections and bronehospasm were also observed in both groups. Results 30 min after extubation in the fast-track anesthesia group, PaCO2 and PaO2 in the ob- servation group were higher than those in the control group, and pH and BE were significantly lower than those in the con- trol group. The differences were statistically significant （P〈0.05）; food intake time and length of stay in the observation group were significantly shorter than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant （P〈0.05）. The proportion of occurrence of pulmonary infection and bronchospasm in the observation group was 0.0%, and the propor- tion in the control group was 6.7% and 16.7%. The differences were statistically significant（P〈0.05）. Conclusion Applica- tion of fast-track anesthesia in children patients with congenital heart disease in ≤ 6-year-old patients is able to signifi- cantly improve its postoperative prognosis quality, which is worthy of clinical promotion.

关 键 词：快通道麻醉 常规麻醉 先天性心脏病 肺部并发症 

分 类 号：R726.1[医药卫生—儿科]