烟叶中的重金属来源及其影响因素研究  

Study the Sources and the Affective Factors of Heavy Metals in Tobacco Leaf

作　　者：罗云[1,2] 杨焕文[1] 王绍坤[2] 陈兴位[3] 董石飞[2] 张静[2] 李伟[2] 闫辉[3] 徐兴阳[4] 

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学烟草学院,云南昆明650201 [2]红云红河烟草(集团)有限责任公司,云南昆明650202 [3]云南省农业科学院,云南昆明650205 [4]云南省烟草公司昆明市公司,云南昆明650051

出　　处：《昆明学院学报》2016年第3期22-27,共6页Journal of Kunming University

基　　金：红云红河集团重大科技资助项目(HYHH2013YL02)

摘　　要：为摸清烟叶中的重金属来源及其影响因素,在云南省12个州（市）烟区域采用抽样普查的方法,比较烟区土壤、灌溉水、烟叶及其他作物中的重金属含量（质量分数,下同）分布,探索烟叶中重金属的来源及其影响因子.结果表明：1）重金属含量在土壤中最高,烟叶次之,灌溉水最低,其变异幅度则表现为灌溉水〉土壤〉烟叶.2）烟叶中铬和砷的含量低于水稻、玉米、绿肥、豌豆、小麦和油菜等作物2.3~20.3倍,但镉、铅、铜和汞的含量高于玉米和水稻等作物3.0~6.6倍.3）矿源是其周边土壤中重金属的主要来源之一,而土壤中的重金属对烟叶重金属含量影响很大.4）土壤和烟叶中的重金属含量均随海拔的升高呈下降趋势,且土壤的p H值、有机质和镁含量等理化指标对烟叶重金属含量影响显著.研究结果可为了解烟叶重金属来源和控制烟叶重金属污染提供科学依据.In order to find out the sources of heavy metals in tobacco leaf and the affective factors, the content and distribution of heavy metals in soil, irrigation water and tobacco leaf were compared in 12 districts of Yunnan Province by sampling survey to explore the sources of heavy metals in tobacco leaf and their affective factors. The results showed that ： （ 1 ） the content of heavy metals in soil is the highest. The content of heavy metals in tobacco leaf is the second and the content of heavy metals in irrigation water is the lowest. The variation range is irrigation water 〉 soil 〉 tobacco leaf. （2） the content of chromium and arsenic is 2. 3 to 20. 3 times lower than that of rice, corn, green manure, pea, wheat, rape and other crops. However, the content of cadmium, lead, copper and mercury is 3.0 to 6. 6 times higher than that of corn, rice, and other crops. （ 3 ） the ore source is one of the main sources of heavy metals in the surround- ing soil, and the heavy metals in the soil highly influence the content of heavy metals in tobacco leaf. （4） the content of heavy metals in soil and tobacco leaf has a tendency to decrease with the increase of the altitude, and the PH value, organic matter, the content of magnesium and other physical and chemical indicators have significant effects on the content of heavy metals in tobacco leaf. These re- search results provide scientific basis for understanding the source of heavy metals in tobacco leaf and controlling the pollution of heavy metals in tobacco leaf.

关 键 词：烟叶 重金属 来源 影响因素 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]