孕穗期叶面喷素对小麦穗粒数和粒重的影响  

Effect of Foliar Spray on Spike Kernels and Grain Weight at Booting Stage in Winter Wheat

作　　者：田艳云[1] 张国钊[2] 郑春风[1] 段建钊 秦一凡[1] 朱云集[1] 赵丽[1] 杨家蘅 

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学/国家小麦工程技术研究中心,河南郑州450002 [2]河南农业大学资源与环境学院,河南郑州450002

出　　处：《麦类作物学报》2016年第7期919-924,共6页Journal of Triticeae Crops

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31571607;31471935);农业部公益性行业科研专项(201203096;201203031)

摘　　要：为探讨孕穗期叶面喷素对小麦穗粒数和粒重的调控效应,于2014-2015年在河南农业大学科教示范园区进行试验,以半冬性品种豫麦49-198为供试材料,在小麦拔节后25d(4月6号),以清水为对照,叶面分别喷施硼砂(B)、6苄基腺嘌呤(6-BA)、6-BA+B、奇善宝(QSB)、双增1号(CPD),对不同喷素条件下小花败育速率和籽粒灌浆进程及其成熟后小麦穗部性状进行观察和分析。结果表明,与对照相比,不同喷素处理均能降低小花的败育速率,显著增加小麦不同部位的小穗粒数和粒重。对小麦各部位小穗粒数的促进效果,以CPD处理对小麦下、中部小穗粒数提高幅度最大,分别较对照增加了1.95个和4.85个;对不同部位小穗粒重的促进效果,也以CPD处理效果最佳,使小麦下、中和上部小穗粒重分别较对照提高了11.97%、5.87%和9.32%。In order to study the regulation effect of foliar spray on wheat grain numbers and grain weight at the booting stage, field experiments were conducted at the science and technology demon- stration park of Henan agricultural university during the growing season in 2014--2015. Wheat culti- var Yumai 49-198 was chosen as material. Foliar spraying boron（B）, 6-benzylaminopurine（6-BA）, 6- benzylaminopurine and boron （6-BA ＋ B）, oligosaccharides （QSB） and compound （CPD） were per- formed 25 days after wheat jointing stage,with spraying water as control. Floret abortion rate and grain filling process as well as mature spike characteristics were investigated. The results show that： compared with the blank control, different spray treatments decreased the floret abortion rate,and in- creased wheat grain number and grain weight. For different parts of wheat spikelet,the increase rate of the promoting effect under CPD treatment on lower and central grain number per spike is the big- gest,with the increase of 1.95 and 4.85, respectively, compared to blank control. For the improvement of grain weight, CPD treatment gave the greatest increase on spikelet grain weight in the lower, centraland upper spike 11.97%,5.87% and 9.32%,compared to the control.

关 键 词：冬小麦 叶面喷素 粒数 粒重 产量 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]