桉树食叶害虫发生现状分析  

Occurrence of lepidopterous defoliators attacking eucalyptus trees

作　　者：陈聪[1,2,3] 黄焕华[1,2] 李奕震[4] 黄咏槐[1,2] 方海鹏[1,2] 黄泽翰 

机构地区：[1]广东省森林病虫害生物防治重点实验室,广东广州510520 [2]广东省林业科学研究院,广东广州510520 [3]江西环境工程职业学院,江西赣州341000 [4]华南农业大学,广东广州510642

出　　处：《中国森林病虫》2016年第4期25-28,共4页Forest Pest and Disease

基　　金："十二五"农村领域国家科技计划课题的研究任务"商品林重大病虫害监测预警与防控技术研究示范"(2012BAD19B08)

摘　　要：在广东河源市、潮州市等地桉树林设定固定样地和临时样地调查了桉树食叶害虫的主要种类及其天敌资源、空间分布、危害程度与发生规律。结果表明:鳞翅目食叶害虫种类有17种,其中曲线纷夜蛾Polydesma boarmoides Guenée和南大蓑蛾Eumeta variegate Snellen为优势种;天敌有叉角厉蝽Eocanthecona furcellata(Wolff)、螟蛉悬茧姬蜂Charops bicolor(Szepligeti)、小绒茧蜂Apanteles cirphicola Bhatnagar、广斧螳Hierodula patellifera(Serville)、黄带犀猎蝽Sycanus croceovittatus Dohrn、七星瓢虫Coccinella septempunctata L.、蜘蛛、老爷树蛙Litoria caerulea White、拟黑多刺蚁Polyrhachis vicina Roger等9种;食叶害虫幼虫在树冠上呈均匀分布;南大蓑蛾在广东潮州地区造成极重度危害,危害面积约达3000hm2,曲线纷夜蛾为首次发现取食危害桉树叶片,在广东河源地区造成重度危害,危害面积约达1000hm2,油桐尺蛾Buzura suppressaria Guenée和小用克尺蛾Jankowskia fuscaria(Leech)为中度危害,危害面积约达500hm2,其他食叶害虫没有成灾;5月为食叶害虫发生小高峰期,8月为高峰期,其他月份没有发生或少量发生,食叶害虫的发生与温度、降水量等气象因子密切相关。The main species,natural enemies,spatial distribution,damage degree and occurrence regula-rity of defoliators in eucalyptus forests were investigated with the methods of setting fixed sample plots and temporary sample plots in Heyuan and Chaozhou in Guangdong province.The results showed there were 17 Lepidopterous defoliators attacking eucalyptus trees in Guangdong province.Among them,Polydesma boarmoides Guenée and Eumeta variegate Snellen were dominant species.The natural enemies of the defoliators were Eocanthecona furcellata（Wolff）,Charops bicolor（Szepligeti）,Apanteles cirphicola Bhatnagar,Hierodula patellifera（Serville）,Sycanus croceovittatus Dohrn,Coccinella septempunctata L.,Litoria caerulea White,spiders and Polyrhachis vicina Roger.The larvae of the defoliators distributed uniformly in the tree crowns.E.variegate caused very severe damage;the damaged area was about 3000hm2 in Chaozhou.P.boarmoides was first found feeding on eucalyptus leaves and caused severe damage in Heyuan,the damaged area was about 1000 hm2.B.suppressaria and J.fuscaria caused moderate damage;the damaged area was about 500 hm2.The other defoliators didn′t cause disasters.There were two peaks of occurrence in May and August respectively.The occurrence of the defoliators was closely related to temperature,precipitation and other climate factors.

关 键 词：桉树 食叶害虫 发生规律 天敌 

分 类 号：S763.42[农业科学—森林保护学]