小麦花发育MADS-box基因的表达模式分析  

Expression Patterns of MADS-box Genes Related to Flower Development of Wheat

作　　者：李海峰[1,2] 韩英[1] 刘梦佳[1] 王冰华 苏亚丽[1] 孙其信[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学农学院/旱区作物逆境生物学国家重点实验室,陕西杨凌712100 [2]新疆农业职业技术学院,新疆昌吉831100

出　　处：《作物学报》2016年第7期1067-1073,共7页Acta Agronomica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31571657);中央高校基本科研业务费项目(2014ZZ009);新疆农业职业技术学院科研项目(XJNZYKJ201501)资助;supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31571657);the Fundamental Research Foundation for the Central Universities(2014ZZ009);the Foundation of Xinjiang Agriculture Vocational Technology College(XJNZYKJ201501)

摘　　要：为解析小麦花发育的分子机制,构建了MADS-box基因系统进化树,发现小麦中存在花发育ABCDE模型的各类基因。半定量RT-PCR和定量RT-PCR分析结果显示,A类基因AP1/FUL小麦中的同源基因Ta FUL在所有花器官中都表达,在外稃和內稃中表达水平最高。B类基因Ta AP3和C类基因Ta AG的表达模式保守,Ta AP3在浆片和雄蕊中表达,Ta AG在雄蕊和雌蕊中表达。D类基因Os MADS13的同源基因除了在雌蕊表达外,在浆片也有较高的表达,暗示该基因可能同时影响胚珠和浆片的发育。E类基因Ta SEP主要在内稃和内三轮器官表达,在外稃和护颖中不表达。LHS1是禾本科特有的MADS-box基因亚家族,发挥E类基因的功能。Ta LHS1除了在內稃和外稃表达,在护颖中也有表达。水稻中控制心皮发育的DROOPING LEAF(DL)基因的同源基因Ta DL除了在外稃和心皮表达外,在护颖中也有表达。根据这些结果,我们认为控制小麦花发育的分子机制比较保守,但部分基因功能在进化过程中可能发生了分化。另外,结合小麦外稃和护颖形态结构分析,Ta LHS1以及Ta DL的表达模式暗示小麦的护颖和外稃这2个器官可能有共同的起源。The objective of this study was to elucidate the molecular mechanism of wheat（Triticum aestivum L.） flower development. According to the phylogenetic tree of MADS- box genes from different species, we found that wheat contained all kinds of genes involved in the ABCDE model for flower development. The expression patterns of A-, B-, C-, D-, and E-class genes were analyzed by semi-quantitative and quantitative RT-PCR（q RT-PCR）. Wheat AP1/FUL gene Ta FUL（A-class） was expressed in all floral organs with the highest expression level in lemmas and paleas. Genes Ta AP3（B-class）, Ta AG（C-class） showed conservative expression patterns in specific organs, i.e., Ta AP3 was expressed in lodicules and stamens whereas Ta AG was expressed in stamens and pistils. The Os MADS13 homologous gene in wheat（D-class） was expressed in both pistils and lodicules, suggesting its function in lodicule and ovule development simultaneously. Gene Ta SEP（E-class） was mainly expressed in paleas and the inner-three whorls. LHS1 is a grass-specific gene family and belongs to E-class. The expression of Ta LHS1 was detected in lemmas, paleas, and glumes of wheat. Ta DL, the homologous gene of rice DROOPING LEAF（DL） controlling carpel development, was expressed in glumes, lemmas and carpels. These results suggest a conservative molecular mechanism for flower development in wheat, but some genes may have diversified functions due to evolution. The expression evidence of Ta DL and Ta LHS1 in glumes, in combination with the morphology and structure analyses of glume, lemma and palea, implied that lemma and glume might originate from the same organ in wheat.

关 键 词：小麦 花发育 MADS-BOX基因 表达模式 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学] Q943.2[生物学—植物学]