青岛市两城区0～14岁儿童哮喘流行病学调查  

ASTHMA IN 0—14-YEAR OLD CHILDREN IN TWO URBAN DISTRICTS OF QINGDAO:AN EPIDEMIOLOGICAL SURVEY

作　　者：闫静静[1] 马国欣[2] 林荣军[1] 胡素娟[1] 管仁政[1] 

机构地区：[1]青岛大学附属医院东区儿科,山东青岛266071 [2]青岛市市南区人民医院

出　　处：《青岛大学医学院学报》2016年第3期355-358,共4页Acta Academiae Medicinae Qingdao Universitatis

摘　　要：目的了解青岛市崂山区、市南区0~14岁儿童哮喘的患病率、发病规律及影响因素。方法采取整群抽样调查方法,分别抽取青岛市崂山区、市南区部分幼儿园、学校、街道办事处的全部0~14岁儿童作为调查对象。向家长发放问卷筛查表,找出可疑哮喘病例,再由儿科医生对其进行询问病史及体检以明确诊断。对所得数据应用SPSS统计软件进行分析。结果崂山区、市南区实际调查人数分别为10 082、10 821例,确诊哮喘（包括咳嗽变异性哮喘及可疑哮喘）病儿分别为372、385例,患病率分别为3.69%、3.56%,差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。两城区病儿的性别、年龄、发病季节均与哮喘发病有关,呼吸道感染是儿童哮喘最常见的诱因,发病先兆均以打喷嚏、流涕常见。崂山区、市南区哮喘病儿发病过程中规范化吸入糖皮质激素治疗的比例分别为46.0%、48.3%。两城区病儿患病均给家庭带来了不同程度的经济损失,病儿学习情况也受到不同程度的影响。结论青岛市崂山区、市南区0~14岁儿童哮喘的患病率、发病规律及影响因素无明显不同,这为两城区儿童哮喘的防治提供依据。Objective To investigate the prevalence,occurrence regularity and influential factors of asthma in children of0-14 years of age in Laoshan and Shinan districts of Qingdao. Methods Employing cluster sampling method,0—14-year old children in some kindergartens,schools and communities of Laoshan and Shinan districts were selected to serve as investigation objects.A questionnaire was sent to their parents to find suspected cases and then confirmed by pediatricians through medical history and physical examination.All of the data obtained were analyzed using SPSS software. Results The actual number of survey was 10 082 cases from Lanshan district,and 10 821 cases from Shinan district.The final diagnosis of asthma-including cough variant asthma and suspected asthma-was 372（3.69%）and 385（3.56%）in Laoshan and Shinan districts,the difference in prevalence between the two districts was not significant,being 3.69%vs.3.56%,respectively（P〉0.05）.The gender,age and season were associated with the onset of asthma,respiratory tract infection being the most common cause of the disease.Sneezing and runny nose were signs commonly seen in the beginning.In the process of the disease,the proportion of children,in Laoshan and Shinan,treated with standardized inhaled glucocorticoids therapy was 46.0% and 48.3%,respectively.Sick children brought different degree of economic loss to their families,and their learning situation was affected. Conclusion There are no significant difference in pre-valence,occurrence regularity and influential factors in 0-14-year-old children with asthma in two districts of Qingdao.

关 键 词：哮喘 儿童 流行病学 患病率 

分 类 号：R725.6[医药卫生—儿科]