自主创新教学在本科医学机能实验课程中的探索和实践  

Practice and experience of teaching reformation on independent innovation experiments of undergraduate students on medical function experimental course

作　　者：张开元[1] 王冠忠[1] 乔启城 杨念[1] 胡志安[1] 张骏[1] 

机构地区：[1]第三军医大学基础部生理学教研室,重庆400038

出　　处：《中国医药导报》2016年第19期120-122,126,共4页China Medical Herald

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(31271166,81471346)

摘　　要：传统本科实验教学中普遍存在指导学生死板地按照既有流程实验,而忽视学生自主科研实践和思维能力培养的问题。因此,有必要开展学生自主创新实验的教学探索,即在实验教学中,融入科研选题、实验设计、实验实施、数据处理、论文写作和发明设计等医学科研的基本要素。改革实验课程为四个阶段,选题即科研选题,立题即实验设计并论证,解题即实验实施,结题即数据处理、论文写作、发明设计及课题答辩等并指导学生取得一系列成果。自主创新教学实践,有助于锻炼提高学生的创新意识、逻辑思维、科研方法、实验操作等科研素质;并得到实验教学应将积极推行"教师为向导,学生为主体"的学生自主创新实验模式、优化课程考核方式、完善教学的规范化和制度化等宝贵经验。The prevalent problem of traditional experimental course teaching is only to guide undergraduate students with the existing experimental procedures, but not to focus on improving their practical ability and develop their scientific and logistic thinking ways. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out teaching reformation on independent innovation experiments of undergraduate students, that is, experiment course will be carried out in a systematic and scientific framework of medical researches： scientific research subject selection, experiments design, experimental implementa- tion, data collection and analysis, articles and invention writing. Experimental course have been designed for four teaching phases, scientific research subject selection phase, experimental design phase, experimental implementation phase, scientific research subject presentation and measurement phase. This practice of teaching reformation greatly contributes to improving undergraduate students＇ innovative spirit, scientific and practical ability and developing their logistic thinking ways; also provides valuable experience, that is, ＂teacher guide, student led＂ pattern of independent innovation experiments should be popularized, curriculum evaluation ways should be optimized, and the experimental course teaching should be standardized and institutionalized further.

关 键 词：生理机能实验课程 电生理实验 自主创新实验 教学改革 

分 类 号：R965[医药卫生—药理学]