异步起动永磁电机最大去磁工作点计算新方法及抗退磁新结构  

Calculation of worst working point and anti-demagnetization structure for line-start permanent magnet synchronous motor

作　　者：卢伟甫[1] 赵海森[1] 朴润浩 刘明基[1] 

机构地区：[1]华北电力大学新能源电力系统国家重点实验室,北京102206 [2]金策工业综合大学电气工程系,朝鲜平壤999093

出　　处：《电力自动化设备》2016年第7期90-96,共7页Electric Power Automation Equipment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51307050);中国博士后科学基金资助项目(2014M560935);中央高校基本科研业务费资助项目(2015ZD03)~~

摘　　要：异步起动永磁同步电机(LSPMSM)最大去磁工作点发生在起动过程中,采用传统磁路分析法未考虑电机内瞬态磁场分布情况。提出最大去磁工作点计算新方法,可准确计及饱和、集肤效应等多种非线性因素。该方法一方面基于场-路-运动耦合时步有限元模型仿真实际起动状况,确定起动过程中最容易发生去磁的永磁体局部单元位置,并将该单元作为考核单元,揭示瞬态退磁磁场与转速之间的关系;另一方面通过给定转子转速的时步有限元模型计算堵转到同步速一系列转速下稳态运行时的退磁磁场,最终得到同步速退磁磁场作用下永磁体考核单元位置的工作点,即为LSPMSM设计校核用的最大去磁工作点。在此基础上,针对一台22 k W样机进行抗退磁能力分析,并提出一种有效提高电机抗退磁能力的复合材料转子新结构。最后通过设计磁场实时测量系统得到某台实验电机起动过程中永磁体工作点,验证了所提方法的有效性。The worst working point of LSPMSM（Line-Start Permanent Magnet 3yncnronous Motor） occurs during its startup and the traditional magnetic circuit analysis does not consider the transient magnetic field distribution inside the motor. A method for calculating the worst working point is proposed,which precisely considers different nonlinear factors,such as saturation,skin effect,etc. It simulates the actual startup conditions based on the field-circuit-motion coupled time-stepping finite element model to determine the most easily demagnetized part of permanent magnet,and takes this part as the objective element to reveal the relationship between the transient demagnetization field and the rotor speed. It then calculates the steady-state demagnetization field based on the time-stepping finite element model for a series of given rotor speeds,from locked speed to synchronized speed. The working point of the objective element in the demagnetization field at synchronized speed is taken as the worst working point. The proposed method is applied to analyze the anti-demagnetization ability of a 22 kW prototype and a new structure of composite material rotor is proposed to effectively enhance the anti-demagnetization ability. The working point during the startup of an experimental prototype is measured by a designed real-time magnetic field measuring system,which verifies the effectiveness of the proposed method.

关 键 词：异步起动永磁同步电机 同步电机 局部退磁 时步有限元法 复合材料导条 

分 类 号：TM343[电气工程—电机]