不同施肥水平对桢楠多胚苗生长及光合生理的影响  

Growth and Photosynthesis of Phoebe zhennan Polyembryonic Seedlings under Different Fertilizer Levels

作　　者：谭飞[1] 胡红玲[1] 胡庭兴[1] 陈玉凤[1] 廖玉华[1] 周光良 罗杰[1] 杨珊珊[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学林学院,成都611130

出　　处：《西北植物学报》2016年第6期1172-1181,共10页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

基　　金：国家"十二五"科技支撑计划(2011BAC09B05);四川省"十二五"作物育种攻关项目(2011NZ0098-10)

摘　　要：采用营养袋培育的方法,以苗龄45d(根茎初步木质化)的桢楠幼苗为试验材料,选取单胚苗(D)、双胚大苗(SD)和双胚小苗(SX)3种类型桢楠幼苗栽植于袋中,根据年施复合肥量标准设置对照(CK,每袋0g)、中(M,每袋0.2g)和高(H,每袋0.3g)3个施肥水平,于7月初开始施肥,每20d施1次共分4次(每次25%)施入,分别于8月、10月中旬测定幼苗生长指标和光合生理指标,探讨施肥对桢楠多胚苗生长和光合生理的影响。结果显示:(1)中量施肥(M)对3类幼苗的苗高和地径生长量有明显的促进作用,而高量施肥(H)在整个试验过程中对幼苗生长的影响表现为先促进后抑制的趋势。(2)中量施肥(M)可以促进3类幼苗叶片的叶绿素合成,延长叶片功能周期,增大净光合速率和气孔导度,进而提高幼苗在强光照、高CO_2环境下的光合作用能力。(3)中量施肥可以使幼苗的光补偿点(LCP)、CO_2补偿点(CCP)下降,光饱和点(LSP)、CO_2饱和点(CSP)上升,增强幼苗适应环境的能力,积累更多的有机物;高量施肥对幼苗的光合指标也表现为先促进后抑制的作用。研究表明,适量(每袋0.2g)施肥能促进各类桢楠幼苗光合色素合成、光合作用效率以及对环境的适应能力,从而促进幼苗的生长;适量施肥也使双胚大苗较快缩小与单胚苗生长指标间的差距,同时也对双胚小苗生长表现出一定的促进作用,这对于促进珍贵树种桢楠的种质资源保护、提高苗木出圃率和降低育苗成本有重要意义。The nutrition bag cultivation was used to investigate the effect of fertilization on growth and photosynthetic physiology of machilus（Phoebe zhennan）polyembryonic seedlings.In the study,three types of seedlings i.e.single embryo seedlings（D）,bigger one of twin embryo seedlings（SD）,and smaller one of twin embryo seedlings（SX）were selected and planted as experimental material.The age of seedlings for planting was 45 dand the rhizome was preliminary lignification.The experiment was set as three levels of fertilizer application,i.e.control（CK,0g per bag）,medium level（M,0.2g per bag）and high level（H,0.3g per bag）.Compound fertilizer was applied and the amount of fertilizer was divided into 4parts and began to apply in early July and ended in early September with the interval of 20 d.The determination of seedling growth and physiological indexes of photosynthesis were conducted in mid of August and mid ofOctober.The results showed that：（1）The medium level（M）of fertilization significantly promoted the height and ground diameter growth of three types seedlings,while high level（H）of fertilization showed the effect of promoting first and then inhibition,and indicated the excessive fertilization.（2）The medium level（M）of fertilization significantly promoted the synthesis of chlorophyll of three types of seedlings,prolonged the functional period of leaves,increased net photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance,and furthermore improve the ability of photosynthesis of the seedlings under high light intensity and the environment of high CO2 concentration.（3）The fertilization can decrease the light compensation point（LCP）and CO2 compensation point（CCP）of seedlings,and increase the light saturation point（LSP）and CO2 saturation point（CSP）,promoting seedlings to adapt to the environment and accumulate more organic matter.Whereas the high amount of fertilization on the photosynthetic indicators of seedlings also showed the role of promotion first and then inhibi

关 键 词：桢楠 多胚苗 施肥 生长 光合生理 

分 类 号：Q945.79[生物学—植物学]