双季铵盐阳离子改性剂的合成及应用  

Preparation and application of bi(3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl) tetramethyl dichloride diammonium ethyl

作　　者：刘建平[1] 

机构地区：[1]常州纺织服装职业技术学院常州市新型纺织材料重点实验室,江苏常州213164

出　　处：《印染》2016年第14期12-15,37,共5页China Dyeing and Finishing

基　　金：国家科技型中小企业技术创新基金重点项目(12C26213302766)

摘　　要：采用18%盐酸与四甲基乙二胺反应生成四甲基二氯化乙二铵,再与环氧氯丙烷反应生成双(3-氯-2-羟丙基)四甲基二氯化乙二铵。将合成的双季铵盐阳离子改性剂与单季铵盐改性剂分别对棉织物进行改性处理,再用活性红R-2BF100%染色,测定了染色织物的K/S值、a、b、L值、耐水泡色牢度和耐摩擦色牢度。结果表明,双季铵盐阳离子改性剂最佳合成工艺条件为:18%盐酸49 g、四甲基乙二胺29 g、环氧氯丙烷32 g、滴加反应温度60℃、滴加反应时间2.5 h、保温反应温度60℃、保温反应时间40 min。棉织物经质量分数为5%(omf)的双季铵盐阳离子改性剂处理后,其染色K/S值达21.3,a、b值变化不大,L值变小;经过5%(omf)单季铵盐改性剂改性的棉织物,染色K/S值为16.7。与单季铵盐改性剂相比,经过双季铵盐阳离子改性剂处理的织物,耐水泡色牢度和耐湿摩擦色牢度都较好,耐干摩擦色牢度相当。Tetramethyl dichloride diammonium ethyl is synthesized with 18% hydrochloric acid and tetra- methyl ethylenediamine as raw materials, then reacts with epichlorohydrin to generate the di（3-chloro-2- hydroxypropyl） tetramethyl dichloride diammonium ethyl. Bi（3-chlor-2-hydroxypropyl） tetramethyl dichloride diammonium ethyl and 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride are applied to cationic modification of cotton fabric respectively, and then the fabric is dyed with Reactive Red R-2BF100%. The K/S, a, b, L values, and color fastnesses to hot water and rubbing of the dyed fabrics are determined. The results show that the optimal synthesis process is： 18% hydrochloric acid 49 g, tetramethyl ethylenediamine 29 g, epichlorohydrin 32 g, droplet reaction at 60 ℃ for 2.5 h, holding at 60℃ for 40 min. The fabric modified by the double quaternary ammonium cationic modifier of 5%（omf） shows K/S value of 21.3, while a, b values change little, L value decreases; the fabric modified by the single quaternary ammoni- um modifier of 5%（omf） features K/S value of 16.7. Compared with the single quaternary ammonium modifier, the dyed fabrics treated by the double quaternary ammonium cationic modifier have better color fastnesses to hot water and wet rubbing, and the same color fastness to dry rubbing.

关 键 词：印染助剂 阳离子改性剂 合成 活性染料 染色 棉织物 

分 类 号：TS190.2[轻工技术与工程—纺织化学与染整工程]