PM_(2.5)对高血压(SHR/NCrl)大鼠呼吸道菌群的影响  

Effect of PM_(2.5) on respiratory tract flora in SHR/NCrl rats

作　　者：牛佳钰 肖纯凌[1] 陈冬梅[1] 海晓欧[1] 徐静[1] 金焕荣[1] 杨彪[1] 严思远 

机构地区：[1]沈阳医学院,沈阳110034

出　　处：《卫生研究》2016年第4期648-652,662,共6页Journal of Hygiene Research

基　　金：辽宁省科技厅支助项目(No.2013225086);沈阳市科技局支助项目(No.F14-181-1-00)

摘　　要：目的探讨大气混合污染对高血压(SHR/NCrl)大鼠呼吸道菌群健康效应的作用机制。方法通过模拟现实大气污染及混合气体染毒,建立急性暴露于大气污染的低、中、高浓度的动物模型,对染尘染毒前后SHR大鼠口咽部及呼吸道黏膜生物菌群的分布状况进行定性、定量、定位的检测,对其呼吸道微生态变化的趋势进行动态研究。结果染尘染毒后SHR大鼠的需氧菌、厌氧菌致病菌的检出率分别为71.8%和20.7%,高于染尘染毒前的0.6%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。在厌氧菌的检出率中,染尘染毒前SHR大鼠呼吸道内未检测出破伤风杆菌(Tetanus bacillus)和死亡梭菌(Fusobacterium mortiferum),而染尘染毒后分别在28只、5只SHR大鼠中分别检测出此两种菌;厌氧菌属中的韦荣球菌属(Veillonella spp)检出率为53.1%与染尘染毒前比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。染尘染毒后需氧菌中的条件致病菌数量开始增加,检出率也随之上升。检出结果表明,染尘染毒后机体内菌群数量和种类发生了变化。结论 PM_(2.5)作为有害物质的载体,当随着呼吸进入人体呼吸道内时,会引起机体呼吸道正常菌群的紊乱,使致病菌易于定植且检出率上升,影响机体健康。Objective To investigate the effect of PM2. 5on the respiratory tract flora in the SHR / NCrl rats. Methods Through the simulation of real air pollution and mixed gas exposure,the establishment of acute exposure to air pollution in low,medium and high concentration of animal models,to detect the distribution of bacterial flora before and after the dust exposure in the throat and respiratory mucosa of SHR rats. Analysis on the trend of micro ecology of respiratory tract was studied dynamically. Results The detection rate of anaerobic bacteria in SHR rats was 71. 8% and 20. 7% respectively,compared with the previous exposure to dust was high than 0. 6%,there were significant differences（ P〈0. 05）. In the detection rate of anaerobic bacteria,the Tetanus bacillus and Clostridium in the respiratory tract of the exposed to dust rats was not detected. After the dust exposure,two kinds of bacteria respectively in 28 and 5 SHR rats were detected. The detection rate ofVeillonella in anaerobic bacteria was 53. 1%,there were significant differences（ P〈0. 05）. The number of pathogenic bacteria in the aerobic bacteria after the dust exposure was increased,the detection rate also increased. The results showed that in the body the number and species of bacteria after the exposure to dust were changed. Conclusion PM_（2.5） as the carrier of harmful substance,when with breathing enter the human respiratory tract,will cause the normal flora in the body ＇s respiratory tract disorder. The pathogen bacteria is easy to be colonized and the detection rate is increased,which affecting the body healthy.

关 键 词：PM2.5 SHR大鼠模型 染尘染毒 呼吸道菌群 微生态 

分 类 号：X503.1[环境科学与工程—环境工程]