郴州市2012-2014年手足口病流行病学特征分析  

Epidemiological characteristics of hand,foot and mouth disease in Chenzhou City,2012-2014

作　　者：李成华[1] 刘卫[1] 谭徽[1] 朱韩武[1] 付敏[1] 谢群[1] 刘爱平[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南省郴州市疾病预防控制中心,湖南郴州423000

出　　处：《实用预防医学》2016年第8期930-933,共4页Practical Preventive Medicine

基　　金：郴州市科技计划项目(CZ2013108)

摘　　要：目的对2012-2014年郴州市手足口病流行特征进行分析,为预防和控制手足口病疫情提供科学依据。方法采用描述性流行病学对郴州市2012-2014年手足口病监测数据进行整理分析。结果 2012-2014年,郴州市共报告手足口病病例33 587例,年均报告发病率为241.89/10万,3年报告发病率差异有统计学意义(χ2=2 610.41,P<0.05)。报告重症病例579例,其中死亡16例,3年报告的病重率差异均有统计学意义(χ2=431.355,P<0.05);流行呈明显季节性,4-7月为发病高峰;3岁及以下儿童为主,每年占86%以上,男性多于女性;以散居儿童为主,每年占86.12%以上。2012年以HEV71感染为主(61.71%),2013年和2014年以其他HEV感染为主(81.36、48.57%);2012年重症病例以HEV71感染为主(75.08%),2013年以其他HEV感染为主(77.42%),2014年以HEV71和其他HEV感染为主。结论2012-2014年郴州市手足口病的报告发病率和病重率存在年度差异;每年的4-7月,3岁及以下的散居儿童是手足口病防控的重点;主要病原体在不同时间呈快速动态变化消长,重症病例的主要病原体不仅仅是HEV71。Objective To analyze the epidemiological features of hand, foot and mouth disease （HFMD） in Chenzhou City from 2012 to 2014 so as to provide scientific evidence for HFMD prevention and control. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the monitoring data about HFMD in Chenzhou City from 2012 to 2014. Results A total of 33,587 cases of HFMD were reported in Chenzhou City from 2012 to 2014, and the annual average incidence rate was 214. 89/ 100,000. There were statistically significant differences in the reported incidence rates among the three years （X2= 2,610. 41, P〈 0.05）. 579 severe cases including 16 deaths were reported during 2012-2014, and the reported incidence rates of severe cases in the three years showed statistically significant differences （Х^2 = 431. 355, P〈0.05 ）. The epidemic showed a clear seasonality, and the peak incidence was from April to July. More than 86% cases in each year were children aged 3 years or younger, and more ca- ses occurred in males than in females. More than 86. 12% cases in each year were reported in the scattered children. The results of pathogenic surveillance showed that the main pathogen in 2012 was human enteroviruses 71 （HEV71） （61.71%）, while those in 2013 and 2014 were other human enteroviruses （ 81.36% and 48.57% respectively）. The main pathogens of the severe cases in 2012, 2013 and 2014 were HEV71 （ 75.08% } , other human enteroviruses （ 77.42% ） , and HEV71 and other human enteroviruses （ 50. 00%, 40.00% ）. Conclusions There are statistically significant differences in the reported incidence rates and the severe case rates of HFMD among different years in Chenzhou City in 2012-2014. April-July in each year and scattered children aged 3 years or younger are the key points of HFMD prevention and control. The main pathogens show rapid dynamic changes in different periods, and the main pathogens of severe HFMD cases are not merely HEV71.

关 键 词：手足口病 流行病学 病原学 

分 类 号：R512.5[医药卫生—内科学]