油气地球物理解释技术研究新进展  

New progress in the technology of oil and gas geophysical interpretation

作　　者：汪忠德[1,2] 薛诗桂[1,2] 李红敬[2] 裴云龙[2] 李子锋[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油化工集团公司地球物理重点实验室,南京211103 [2]中国石油化工股份有限公司石油物探技术研究院,南京211103

出　　处：《地球物理学进展》2016年第3期1187-1201,共15页Progress in Geophysics

基　　金：国家重大基础研究发展规划项目("973"计划)(2014CB239201)"优质页岩气储层预测与精细表征";中国石化科技部项目"地球物理领先技术跟踪研究"联合资助

摘　　要：根据2012-2015年度SEG和EAGE年会内容,介绍了近年来地油气地球物理解释技术相关新进展:在裂缝检测分析技术中,断层自动提取技术可以在三维地震相干体上自动提取断层线,利用窗口3D拉东变换滤波器可以改善大断裂的信号强度;三维地震属性优化技术,一般通过属性预处理,采样训练,多变量步步识别,非线性主成分分析,建立判别模型等步骤;全波形反演技术可以按照在岩性预测、储层物性参数、储层流体检测的应用方向分成了三类;AVO技术在新技术和裂缝介质,理论方法和实践应用三个方面有所发展;磁法技术主要在3D建模与反演、海洋电磁勘探技术和储层描述技术三个方面;页岩气储层描述不仅用于勘探阶段的资源评价、裂缝建模、"甜点"识别,还可直接为储层改造与开发提供储层物性、页岩层裂缝和应力场数据方面具有独特的优势.随后,研讨了其技术发展趋势,例如在综合解释方面,更加注重处理-解释一体化,以及多学科综合;在解释过程中,通过各种特殊处理方法充分挖掘与应用地震数据中的各种信息,通过属性的标定、约束和模拟等手段,更准确地刻画构造、更精确地预测储层和更逼真的描述油气藏;在技术上,岩石物理、地震属性、地质统计学、三维可视化以及各种反演方法仍是主要研究领域.Geophysical data interpretation is a geophysical prospecting of oil and gas in the last one in three stages of acquisition,processing and interpretation. The paper introduces the2012-2015 annual SEG and EAGE conference papers and related literature in explaining the new technology of geophysics,progress,etc. For example,in the crack detection analysis technology,fault automatic extraction technology can automatically extract on the 3D seismic coherence fault line,using the 3D window the east transform filter can improve the fault signal strength; 3D seismic attribute optimization technique,usually by attribute pretreatment,sample training, multivariable identification, the nonlinear principal component analysis, discriminant model and other steps; Full waveform inversion technique can be predicted according to the lithology,reservoir physical parameters,the application of reservoir fluid detection direction is divided into three categories; AVO technology main new technology and fractured medium,theory and practice application devon, Marine electromagnetic exploration technology and reservoir description technique is development from three aspects; Magnetic technology mainly in 3D modeling and inversieloped from three aspects of progress. Geophysical technology is not only used for the evaluation of resources in the exploration phase of shale gas,＂for dessert＂identification,but also provides a unique advantage for the reservoir reconstruction and development to provide reservoir physical properties,fracture and stress field data.Subsequently,the technology development trends, such as the comprehensive interpretation,more attention to the interpretation of integration, as well as multi-disciplinary integrated; in the interpretation process, through a variety of special processing methods fully mining and application of various information in seismic data,the calibration,constraints and simulation tools to more accurately describe the structure,more accurate prediction of reservoir and more realistic descriptio

关 键 词：解释技术 进展 裂缝检测 三维地震属 相干体属性 全波形反演 重磁电勘探 非常规储层地震预测 

分 类 号：P631[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]