角蛋白酶的脱毛能力及对胶原水解作用的评价  

Evaluation of unhairing capability of keratinases and hydrolytic action on collagen

作　　者：孔纤 曾运航[1] 张文华[2] 石碧[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学皮革化学与工程教育部重点实验室,四川成都610065 [2]四川大学制革清洁技术国家工程实验室,四川成都610065

出　　处：《中国皮革》2016年第7期25-30,共6页China Leather

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(21406145);国家863计划(2013AA06A306);四川大学-德国司马公司创新奖学金(基金)科研项目

摘　　要：用3种商品角蛋白酶对牛皮进行脱毛,从毛和表皮的去除程度、废液的羟脯氨酸浓度、裸皮粒面的损伤情况等方面,评价了角蛋白酶的脱毛能力和安全性。结果表明:3种角蛋白酶均能去除毛和表皮,且脱毛程度、脱毛速率和对毛的破坏程度与传统的脱毛蛋白酶(AS1.398蛋白酶)相似。表明角蛋白酶与蛋白酶的脱毛机理相同,是通过水解毛根部位的联接蛋白而使毛脱落,并非水解角蛋白的能力在起主要作用。角蛋白酶也对皮胶原产生水解作用,脱毛时需谨慎,以免造成粒面损伤、松面等缺陷。Three commercial keratinases were used for unhaifing of soaked cattle hide. Their unhairing capabilites and hydro- lytic actions on collagen were evaluated in terms of extents of hair and epidermis removal from hide, concentration of hydroxyproline in unhairing liquor and grain damage of unhaired peh. The results indicate that these three keratinases can efficiently remove hair and epidermis from hide, and their hair removal extent, unhairing rate and degree of damage to hair were all similar to those of commonly used unhairing protease （ AS1. 398 protease）. These phenomena demonstrated the unhairing action of keratinases is mainly due to their hydrolysis to the proteins linking hair root and pelt but not the hydrolysis to keratin of hair,which is the same mechanism as the unhairing with protease. Keratinases also hydrolyzed hide collagen. So tanners should be cautious about using keratinases for unhairing to avoid grain damage of pelts and loose grain.

关 键 词：制革 脱毛 角蛋白酶 蛋白酶 胶原 

分 类 号：TS541[轻工技术与工程—皮革化学与工程]