2BMFJ系列免耕精量播种机清秸装置优化与试验  

Optimization and Experiment of Cleaning Device of 2BMFJ Type No-till Precision Planter

作　　者：陈海涛[1] 查韶辉 顿国强[1] 从光波 李昂[1] 冯夷宁 

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学工程学院,哈尔滨150030

出　　处：《农业机械学报》2016年第7期96-102,共7页Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费项目(201303011);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金项目(GARS-04)

摘　　要：针对2BMFJ系列原茬地免耕覆秸精量播种机作业过程中,清秸装置所引起的振动强度较大、功耗较大、作业速度较慢等问题,在机收后的小麦原茬地条件下,采用四因素三水平正交试验方法,选择每盘刀齿数、刀盘排布方式、作业速度、刀盘转速为影响因素,以机组通过性、振动强度、当量功耗、当量燃油消耗率为评价指标,对影响清秸装置性能的结构与作业参数进行了优化试验研究。结果表明:在每盘刀齿数4、刀盘排布方式3-2-3、作业速度5.4km/h和刀盘转速300 r/min时,清秸装置未发生堵塞,振动强度为134.48 m/s^2,当量功耗为4.58 k W,当量燃油消耗率为159.22 m L/(k W·h)。较优化前的机具,振动强度降低31.74%,当量功耗降低22.11%,作业速度提高20%。A way of expelling straw sideways was adopted by the 2BMFJ type no-till precision planter.The planter was able to complete seedbed preparing,precision seeding,fertilization,covering,rolling,pesticide spraying,straw mulching equably and so on. The planter has become an important technical mean to achieve conversation tillage. Cleaning device of the 2BMFJ type no-till precision planter mainly completes preparing seedbed. However,there are some problems such as severe vibration,more power consuming and lower working speed on the cleaning device. So the optimization experiment was carried out. Wheat stubble fields were regarded as experiment objects. Orthogonal experiment with four factors and three levels was employed to find the optimal combination of the structure and working parameters for the cleaning device. The number of cutters per disk,cutter disks configuration,working speed and cutter disk speed were selected as factors. Pass-ability, equivalent power dissipation, equivalent fuel consumption rate and vibration intensity were selected as indexes. The optimal combination of influencing factors was obtained by the experiment： the number of cutters per disk was 4,cutter disks configuration was 3-2-3,working speed was 5. 4 km / h and cutter disk speed was 300 r / min. Under this condition,the cleaning device wasn＇t blocked; the vibration intensity was decreased from 197 m / s2 to 134. 48 m / s2,by31. 74%; the equivalent power dissipation was decreased from 5. 88 k W to 4. 58 k W,by 21. 11%; and operation speed was increased from 4. 5 km / h to 5. 4 km / h,by 20%. The results can provide reference for the optimal design of the 2BMFJ type no-till precision planter.

关 键 词：免耕 精量播种机 清秸装置 优化 试验 

分 类 号：S223.2[农业科学—农业机械化工程]