生防菌淡紫紫孢菌与低剂量杀线虫剂复配防治蔬菜根结线虫的研究  

Combination of biocontrol agent Purpureocillium lilacinum and low-dose nematicides for integrated control of vegetable root-knot nematodes

作　　者：杨波[1] 孟俊峰[1] 莫陈汨 王娜[1] 王高峰[1] 彭德良[2] 肖炎农[1] 肖雪琼[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学植物科学技术学院,湖北省植物病害监测与安全控制重点实验室,武汉430070 [2]中国农业科学院植物保护研究所,植物病虫害生物学国家重点实验室,北京100193

出　　处：《植物病理学报》2016年第4期551-560,共10页Acta Phytopathologica Sinica

基　　金：国家公益性行业(农业)科技专项(201103018);湖北省自然科学基金(2015CFB294);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(2662015QC037)

摘　　要：根结线虫是一种重要植物病原线虫,常用杀线虫剂噻唑膦、阿维菌素等进行防治。研究生防真菌淡紫紫孢菌颗粒剂与低剂量杀线虫剂复配对根结线虫的防治效果,结果显示当浓度低于100μg·mL^(-1)时,噻唑膦对淡紫紫孢菌的菌落生长和孢子萌发无显著影响;且低剂量噻唑膦与淡紫紫孢菌复配对线虫二龄幼虫的致死率高于单独使用噻唑膦或淡紫紫孢菌的。盆栽及大棚试验都表明阿维菌素减量25%、或噻唑膦减量25%、或噻唑膦减量50%后分别与淡紫紫孢菌颗粒剂复配,对根结线虫的防效与单独使用阿维菌素、噻唑膦或淡紫紫孢菌相当。因此,噻唑膦及阿维菌素与淡紫紫孢菌复配,可减少农药使用量,并弥补生物防治稳定性不强等缺点,是可选的植物线虫病害防治策略之一。Root-knot nematodes （RKN）, Meloidogyne spp., are important phytopathogenic nematodes. Fosthi- azate and avermectin are two chemical nematicides commonly used in controlling RKN disease. In this study, the efficiency of mixed application of Purpureocillium lilacinum and low-dosage nematicides to control RKN disease was evaluated in the laboratory and field conditions. Mycelium extension and spore germination of P. lilcacinum was not impaired after mixing with low-dosage fosthiazate （ 100 μg· mL-1 ）. Then the lethal rate of second-stage juvenile of RKN was compared after treated by P. lilacinum, fosthiazate and mixture of both compounds. The results showed that mixed-application of P. lilacinum and low-dose fosthiazate led to a significantly higher lethal rate of RKN than P. lilacinum or fosthiazate was used alone. After mixing with P. lilacinum granule, the concen- trations of nematicides were reduced by 25% （avermectin） or 50% （fosthiazate） without impairing their RKN control efficiency. These results suggested that mixed-application of nematicides and the biocontrol fungus P. lilacinum could be an efficient approach to reduce the amount of chemical nematicides in controlling RKN disease. In addition, low-dose nematicides could be used to increase the stability and efficiency of P. lilacinum to control RKN. In summary, this study shows an efficient alternative strategy to control nematode with less chemical nematicides.

关 键 词：根结线虫 淡紫紫孢菌 噻唑膦 阿维菌素 农药减施 

分 类 号：S432.45[农业科学—植物病理学]