零价铝还原处理偶氮染料活性蓝222废水  

Treatment of Reactive Blue 222 Wastewater by Zero-Valent Aluminum Reduction

作　　者：袁超[1] 李磊[1] 孙应龙[1] 王邦达 徐辉[1,2] 王毅[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学环境学院,北京100084 [2]西北核技术研究所,陕西西安710024

出　　处：《环境科学研究》2016年第7期1067-1074,共8页Research of Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(2014130052)

摘　　要：为有效处理难生物降解的碱性偶氮染料废水,以典型偶氮染料RB222（活性蓝222）为处理对象,在碱性条件下直接采用零价铝进行还原处理,并系统评价了溶液p H、反应温度以及零价铝粉投加量等因素对偶氮染料分子降解效果的影响.结果表明：随着p H从7.00增至12.00,脱色率从62.6%升至98.4%;零价铝粉投加量从5 g/L增至50 g/L,脱色率从90.8%升至98.8%.零价铝还原处理偶氮染料最优条件：温度为60～80℃,零价铝粉投加量为10～25 g/L,体系p H为11.在该条件下,经过2 h处理,脱色率超过99%,溶液可生化性〔ρ（BOD5）/ρ（CODCr）〕从0.169升至0.386,易于后续生化处理.电喷雾电离质谱（ESIMS）和傅立叶变换红外线光谱分析仪（FTIR）分析表明,偶氮染料中—NN—（偶氮键）被破坏,还原产物中有苯胺类小分子.根据试验结果推测偶氮染料的还原路径：水中的质子接受零价铝表面的电子生成活性氢,活性氢攻击—NN—,将偶氮化合物还原裂解成易于生物降解的苯胺类小分子物质.通过处理江苏某地所取得的实际印染废水,废水的可生化性从0.126升至0.388,提高明显.To treat refractory biodegradable alkaline azo dye wastewater effectively,the degradation of a model synthetic dye,reactive blue222（ RB222）,by treatment with zero-valent aluminum（ ZVAL） under alkali conditions was investigated. The effects of solution p H,reaction temperature and dosage of aluminum powder on the degradation of RB222 were systematically evaluated. The results showed that as p H increased from 7. 00 to 12. 00,the decolorization efficiency was enhanced from 62. 6% to 98. 4%,and as aluminum powder dosage increased from 5 g/L to 50 g/L,the decolorization efficiency was enhanced from 90. 8% to 98. 8%. Decolorization efficiency of more than99% was obtained after contact with 10-25 g /L ZVAL at 60-80 ℃ and p H 11 for 2 h,and the BOD5/CODCrratio increased from 0. 169 to 0. 386,reflecting improved biodegradability of the wastewater. Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry（ ESI-MS） and Fourier transform infrared spectrum（ FTIR） revealed that the azo bonds in the dye molecules were broken and reduced to aromatic anilines. The experimental results demonstrated that nascent hydrogen was responsible for the decolorization and reduction of azo bonds in the dye molecules. In the process of treating actual dyeing wastewater obtained from a dying factory in Wujiang County in Suzhou Provine,China,the BOD5/CODCrratio increased from 0. 126 to 0. 388,significantly improving its biodegradability.

关 键 词：零价铝 还原处理 活性蓝222 含锑废水 活性氢 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]