基于ArcGIS的区域饱和-非饱和点源氮素污染模型及应用  

ArcGIS-based Regional Unsaturated-saturated Nitrogen Contamination and Loading Calculation Software and Its Application

作　　者：朱焱[1] 刘琨[1] 叶明[2] 史良胜[1] 王丽影[3] 杨金忠[1] 

机构地区：[1]武汉大学水资源与水电工程科学国家重点实验室,湖北武汉430072 [2]佛罗里达州立大学计算科学系,佛罗里达美国塔拉哈希32306 [3]中水珠江规划勘测设计有限公司,广东广州510610

出　　处：《四川大学学报（工程科学版）》2016年第4期17-24,共8页Journal of Sichuan University (Engineering Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51409192);中国博士后基金面上项目资助(2014M560627)

摘　　要：针对流域点源氮素对地表水体污染负荷的定量计算问题,基于ArcGIS平台改进了饱和-非饱和氮素运移转化和氮素对地表水体的负荷计算模型ArcNLET,该模型可考虑水流和氮素在土壤中的1维垂向运动和在地下水中的2维水平运动,计算从点源排出经土壤消减到达地下水面的硝态氮和铵态氮浓度及其在地下水中的浓度分布,并最终计算氮素对地表水体的负荷。将该模型应用于美国佛罗里达州Julington Creek流域点源氮素污染和负荷计算,定量分析了当地点源氮素出流对地表水体的污染风险。结果表明:由于地形和土壤性质的差异,从点源到达地下水面的氮素浓度具有很强的空间变异性;该流域氮素进入地表水体的负荷中,铵态氮比例占26%,说明忽略地下水中铵态氮会低估氮素污染风险。该模型各模块相互独立,参数较少,利用ArcGIS对输入数据和输出数据进行可视化处理,是定量评估流域点源氮素对地表水体污染负荷的有效工具。By considering the nitrogen transformation and transport processes from point contamination sources infiltrating into soil, then arriving at the water table and continuing to transport along the groundwater flow, an ArcGIS based unsaturated-saturated nitrogen transformation and transport software ArcNLET was established and applied to estimate the nitrogen load to surface water bodies in Julington Creek watershed in Florida State, USA. The results showed the strong spatial variability of nitrogen concentration at the water table below each point source, which demonstrated the necessity of estimating the soil nitrogen transport due to the complex topography and soil characteristics. Ammonium contributed 26% of total nitrogen loads to surface water bodies ,which indicated that the nitrogen contamina- tion risk would be under-estimated if ignoring the ammonium in the aquifer. This software can provide the quantitative estimation of the nitrogen loading to surface water bodies, which is hard to be measured. The modules can be chosen independently according to the requirements of users.

关 键 词：改进的ArcNLET 饱和-非饱和氮素运移 氮素负荷 硝态氮 铵态氮 ARCGIS 

分 类 号：TV93[水利工程—水利水电工程]