一种相机标定参数的柱面全景影像拼接方法  

The method of cylinder panoramic image mosaic based on camera calibration parameters

作　　者：王冬[1] 刘凤英[1] 陈天恩[1] 张少鹏 

机构地区：[1]山东科技大学测绘科学与工程学院,山东青岛266590 [2]宿迁市规划测绘院有限公司,江苏宿迁223800

出　　处：《测绘科学》2016年第7期150-154,143,共6页Science of Surveying and Mapping

基　　金：山东省优秀中青年科学家科研奖励基金项目(BS2012DX033);国家自然科学基金项目(41271451;41371425);海岛(礁)测绘技术国家测绘地理信息局重点实验室资助项目(2013B06)

摘　　要：针对全景影像拼接方法存在批量快速拼接困难、匹配精度低、匹配成功率不高等问题,该文提出一种多拼柱面全景相机影像的严密拼接方法。首先对全景相机进行标定,获取每台相机的内参数和单相机之间的相对外方位元素;再根据摄影距离以及摄影中心、像点与物点三点共线的原则,求出每张影像中像点对应的物方点的坐标;最后根据虚拟摄影中心、物点和虚拟像点三点共线的原则,得出像点在柱面上对应的虚拟像点坐标,经过角度归算和影像间的融合处理,获取柱面全景影像。实验表明,多拼全景相机影像拼接方法达到了严密、快速的拼接效果,可方便实现全景影像和单相机影像之间的坐标变换,为后续全景影像的浏览、量测、真彩激光点云的生成和实景测量等应用提供了一种影像拼接方法。Aiming at the problem of batch and quick stitching, poor accuracy and low matching success rate of exist panoramic image mosaic methods, this paper proposed a rigorous mosaic method for the cylindrical panoramic camera image. First, the panoramic camera was calibrated to acquire the internal parameters and relative external orientation elements between single camera. Second, the object coordinates corresponding to the image points were calculated based on three points collinear principle （the image point, photography center and the object point） and the photographic distance. Third, the coordinate of virtual image points on the cylinder were calculated based on three points collinear principle （the virtual image point, photography center and the object point）. Finally, the cylindrical panoramic image was ac- quired through the angular calculation and image fusion. The test showed that this method was rigorous and fast to transform coordinates between the panoramic image and single camera image, which provided a foundation for the panoramic image browsing, measurement and making the color laser points cloud.

关 键 词：移动测量 全景相机 柱面投影 严密拼接 虚拟影像误差 

分 类 号：P208[天文地球—地图制图学与地理信息工程]