氢气氛中Ni/羟基磷灰石催化乙醇合成正丁醇  

Catalytic Conversion of Ethanol into n-Butanol under Hydrogen Atmosphere with Ni/ Hydroxyapatite

作　　者：田媛[1] 单玉华[1] 施骏[1] 万宇[1] 郑一天 冯洋洋[1] 李明时[1] 鲁墨弘[1] 

机构地区：[1]常州大学江苏省先进催化与绿色制造协同创新中心,江苏常州213164

出　　处：《高校化学工程学报》2016年第4期857-863,共7页Journal of Chemical Engineering of Chinese Universities

基　　金：江苏省科技厅产学研联合创新项目(BY2014037-12);江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目;江苏省绿色催化材料与技术资助项目(BM2012110)

摘　　要：正丁醇是重要的化工原料和理想的生物质燃料。今对在不同气氛中,以羟基磷灰石(HAP)负载镍催化剂(Ni/HAP)催化乙醇直接合成正丁醇进行了研究。通过溶胶-凝胶法制备Ni/HAP,并用X射线粉末衍射(XRD)、氮气吸附脱附(BET)、电感耦合等离子体发射光谱(ICP-AES)、透射电镜(TEM)及扫描电镜-X射线能量散射谱(SEM-EDX)与对其进行表征。考察了反应气氛(N2、H2)、Ni负载量和反应条件对乙醇转化率和正丁醇选择性的影响。结果表明:以12%Ni/HAP为催化剂,在300℃、H2气相空速(GHSV)为3000 h?1、乙醇液相空速(LHSV)为2.0 h?1条件下,在H2气氛中反应,乙醇转化率达15.6%,正丁醇的选择性为83.6%,催化剂性能在128 h内没有明显下降;较在N2气氛中反应,乙醇的转化率提高了2倍,正丁醇的选择性提高了4.2倍,催化剂活性稳定性提高了3倍。n-Butanol is an important raw material and ideal biomass fuel. Conversion of ethanol into n-butanol in different atmospheres was studied using hydroxyapatite （HAP）-supported Ni as a catalyst （Ni/HAP）. Ni/HAP was prepared by a sol-gel method and characterized by XRD, BET, ICP-AES, TEM and SEM-EDX. The effects of reaction atmosphere （N2 and H2）, Ni loading and reaction conditions on ethanol conversion and n-butanol selectivity were investigated. The results show that the reaction atmosphere has a significant impact on the reaction. Using 12%Ni/HAP as a catalyst in H2 atmosphere under 300℃ with H2 GHSV of 3000 h^-1 and ethanol LHSV of 2.0 h^-1, ethanol conversion rate of 15.6% and n-butanol selectivity of 83.6% are obtained, and the catalyst performance has no noticeable decline within 128 h. Ethanol conversion, n-butanol selectivity and catalyst stability increase by 2 times, 4.2 times, and 3 times than those in N2 atmosphere, respectively.

关 键 词：乙醇 Ni/羟基磷灰石 催化剂 正丁醇 氢气氛 

分 类 号：TQ426[化学工程]