稀土尾矿土壤细菌群落结构对植被修复的响应  

Response of a rare earth tailing soil bacterial community structure to vegetation restoration

作　　者：陈熙[1,2] 刘以珍[1] 李金前[1] 葛刚[1] 吴兰[1] 李永绣[1] 

机构地区：[1]南昌大学生命学院,南昌330031 [2]江西金达莱环保股份有限公司,南昌330031

出　　处：《生态学报》2016年第13期3943-3950,共8页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：科技部支撑计划资助项目(2012BAE01B02);国家973计划资助项目(2012CBA01200);南昌大学研究生创新专项资助项目(cx2012004)

摘　　要：选用赣州-安远稀土弃废尾矿及其不同植被修复的堆浸田为研究对象,调查废弃尾矿及6种不同植被修复方案下土壤理化性质的变化,并利用变性凝胶梯度电泳(DGGE)技术,分析土壤微生物群落结构对植被修复的响应。结果表明:与未修复尾矿土壤相比,经不同植被修复后的土壤理化性质均得到明显改良,其中土壤含水量、有机质含量均比未修复尾矿土壤增加2—3倍。微生物群落结构分析表明,植被修复后土壤微生物群落与废弃尾矿土壤微生物群落亲缘度仅为0.21,表明植被修复后,土壤微生物群落结构发生了明显变化,且微生物多样性、均匀度、丰富度与未修复尾矿土壤相比均有了明显的提高。而在不同植被修复方案中,以湿地松和山胡椒为优势群落的两种植被修复方案对土壤改良效果最为明显,这两种修复方案不仅能显著改善土壤的固水性、有机质含量,并且对微生物群落的改善作用也最为显著。典范对应分析表明,废弃尾矿土壤微生物群落结构受土壤p H影响最为显著,而植被修复后土壤微生物群落的环境影响因子则转变为含水量、有机质、有机碳及总磷含量。进一步揭示了微生物在植被修复过程中所起到的重要作用,并为矿山生态重建过程中的土壤改良工作提供了丰富的理论依据。Ion-absorbed-type of rare earth deposits that are located 1970s because of their wide distribution, high reserves, and easy in Ganzhou have been mined on a large scale since the extraction. The deposits are extracted locally by heap leaching and processed through centralized production. Heap leaching has higher methods, but it can strip the vegetation at the mine and alter severely the ecological ammonium sulfate has an impact on the soil and water components of the rare earth extraction efficiency than traditional balance. Additionally, the residue of tailings after exploitation. Therefore, ecological restoration of rare earth tailings has become an indispensable task.Microorganisms are important component of the soil ecosystem; they promo：e stability of contaminated soil ecosystems by adjusting the function of the soil. Nutrients and microbes in an ecosystem have enormous potential in environmental repair. However, questions such as how soil microbial community responds during the process of vegetation restoration or how to develop a mutually beneficial relationship within the plant-microbe-soil composite ecological restoration system during restoration of rare answers.This article studied how the plant-microbe-soil composite ecological restoration earth tailings do not yet have clear system improved soil quality in An Yuan rare earth tailing and analyzed the change of the bacterial community structure after vegetation restoration. Finally, it discussed how bacteria improved soil quality during the restoration of vegetation on rare earth tailings. In this study, Ganzhou-AnYuan rare earth tailings area and vegetation areas undergoing different levels of restoration were selected as research study sites. We investigated the quality of soil in the original tailing area and in six vegetation restoration areas and used denatured gradient gel electrophoresis technology and canonical correspondence analysis to illustrate the characteristics of soil microbial community structure. Finally, we discussed how soil microb

关 键 词：赣州 稀土废弃尾矿 微生物群落多样性 变性梯度凝胶电泳(DGGE) 

分 类 号：Q948.122.3[生物学—植物学]