深圳市宝安区124所中小学校卫生状况调查  

The health hygiene condition investigation among 124 primary schools and middle schools in Baoan district of Shenzhen

作　　者：常树丽 张矗 

机构地区：[1]深圳市龙华新区疾病预防控制中心,广东深圳518000 [2]深圳市宝安区石岩预防保健所,广东深圳518000

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2016年第14期2668-2671,共4页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：深圳市宝安区科技计划项目(2015339)

摘　　要：目的了解宝安区学校卫生工作情况,发现存在的问题,为提升宝安区中小学校的卫生工作提供依据。方法将宝安区124所中小学校全部纳入调查,共调查教室1 385间,调查内容包括教室人均面积、教室朝向、课桌椅、黑板、采光照明、饮水和厕所卫生等情况。结果 124所学校包括公立48所,私立76所。63.97%的教室符合人均面积要求,灯桌距离合格率47.08%,课桌平均照度合格率49.31%,教室照度均匀度合格率92.35%,教室南北朝向合格率94.30%,采光系数合格率91.48%,玻地面积比合格率65.49%,黑板反射系数合格率为92.35%;1 385间教室微小气候合格率95.16%,教室噪音合格率59.78%。私立学校在教室卫生、饮水和厕所卫生方面优于公立学校。124所学校以市政供水为主(64.28%),89.58%公立学校提供开水,61.84%私立学校提供开水。结论宝安区学校卫生工作整体良好,部分学校存在教室人均面积不足、采光照明设施合格率低、外环境噪音大等问题。建议教育部门与卫生部门加强配合,合理配置教学资源,创造良好学习环境,保障学生身心健康。Objective The aim of this study was to learn the school hygiene condition in Baoan district, identify existing problems and to provide baseline information for the improvement of school hygiene. Methods All 124 primary schools and middle schools in Baoan district were selected as study fields, and 1385 classrooms were investigated in this study. The major investigation items included average classroom space for each student, classroom direction, blackboard, classroom, ventilation, classroom lighting, micro-climate, noise, drinking water hygiene and lavatory hygiene, etc. Results All investigated 124 schools included 48 government sponsored schools and 76 private schools. 63.97% of the classrooms conformed the average area requirement for students, the qualified rates for light-desk distance, average illumination on desk and classroom location directions were 37.08%, 49.31% and 94.30%, respectively. Qualified rates for daylight coefficient, the area ratio of window to floor and the reflection coefficient of blackboard were 91.48%, 65.49% and 92.35%. The qualified rate for classroom microclimate was 95.16%. Private schools performed better in the upper mentioned indicates than government sponsored schools. 64.28% schools used water from the city water station. 89.58% government sponsored schools and 61.84% private schools provided boiled water for students. Conclusion The overall hygiene condition in Baoan district was good, but some schools had limited hygiene condition which should be improved accordingly. It＇s suggested that education bureau should cooperate with health bureau to perfect the distribution of education resources, create a harmonious study environment and finally improve the health condition for students.

关 键 词：中小学校 饮水安全 教室卫生 厕所卫生 

分 类 号：R123[医药卫生—环境卫生学]