电化学法深度处理低浓度贵金属贫液的研究  

Advanced Treatment of Low Concentrations of Precious Metals Wastewater by Electrochemical Method

作　　者：雷思明[1,2] 宋永辉[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]西安建筑科技大学冶金工程学院,陕西西安710055 [2]陕西省黄金与资源重点实验室,陕西西安710055

出　　处：《黄金科学技术》2016年第3期100-105,共6页Gold Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金项目"离子交换法治理提金尾液中铁的干扰机制及高效解吸机理研究"(编号:51204130);金川公司-西安建筑科技大学预研基金项目"电吸附法深度处理低浓度贵金属贫液的研究"(编号:YY1403)联合资助

摘　　要：以自制的煤基材料为电极,采用电化学法深度处理贵金属贫液,研究了电压、时间、p H值及温度等因素对各离子去除率的影响规律,采用扫描电镜及能谱(SEM-EDS)对反应后极板的表面形貌及负载物组成进行表征分析。实验结果表明,随着处理时间的延长,温度的增加,溶液中各离子的去除率逐渐增大,随着电压增大离子去除率表现为先升后降的趋势,在1.6 V时达到最佳,而p H值的升高不利于反应进行。选用原液p H值,在电压为1.6 V、溶液温度为50℃、处理时间为6 h的条件下,钯离子去除率为99.32%,铂离子去除率为97.13%,金与钌离子可视为完全去除。研究证实,采用电化学法可以对低浓度贵金属贫液进行深度处理并实现回收贵金属的目的,该电化学反应由电沉积和电吸附两方面共同作用,且前者占主导作用。Advanced treatment of the precious metals barren solution by the electrochemical process used self-made coal base material as the electrode,the effects of the voltage,time,pH and temperature for ions removal rate were mainly studied, the shape and the load substances of the plate were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and energy spectrum （SEM-EDS）. The results show that, with the time and the temperature increased, the removal rate of each ions in the solution were increased gradually,but when the voltage increases the ions removal increased first and decreased afterwards, and the optimum condition was 1.6 V,yet the increase ofpH was not favorable for the process. Under the condition of the voltage of 1.6 V,temperature of 50 ~C ,time of 6 h with the initial pH,the ion removal rates of palladium can reach 99.32% ,the platinum 97.13%, and both the gold and the ruthenium nearly can be seen as completely removed.Study shows that the electrochemical method can achieve the purpose of advanced treatment precious metal barren solution and recovery the precious metals.In the process of electrochemical,the ions in solution interacted by electrodeposition and electric absorption process, and the former occupy dominant effect.

关 键 词：贵金属 贫液 电沉积 电吸附 

分 类 号：TD953[矿业工程—选矿]