阿尔茨海默病患者医院感染的病原学分布及耐药性分析  

Etiology distribution and drug resistance of hospital infection in patients with Alzheimer's disease

作　　者：刘磊峰[1] 杨顺才 邓小鹏[1] 刘波[1] 涂哲明[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖北省荆州市精神卫生中心,湖北荆州434000 [2]襄阳市安定医院精神科,湖北襄阳441000

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2016年第14期3196-3198,共3页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

基　　金：湖北省卫生厅基金资助项目(HB28112)

摘　　要：目的分析阿尔茨海默病医院感染病原学及其耐药性和产生原因,进行有针对性预防,以降低阿尔茨海默病患者医院感染率。方法回顾性分析2011年1月-2013年1月92例阿尔茨海默病医院感染患者的临床资料、病原菌分布及耐药性。结果阿尔茨海默病医院感染男性占64.13%,呼吸道感染最常见,占38.04%,2周内感染最多,占85.87%,基础疾病以高血压最多,占14.13%;感染病原菌主要有:革兰阴性菌71株,占60.68%,革兰阳性菌46株,占39.32%;革兰阴性菌中铜绿假单胞菌占20.51%,肺炎克雷伯菌占14.53%;革兰阳性菌中金黄色葡萄球菌占16.24%、凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌占11.11%,病原菌比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);耐药性分析,革兰阴性菌对亚胺培南、美罗培南耐药性均为0,对其它抗菌药物的耐药性在58.33%以上;革兰阳性菌对万古霉素耐药性均为0,其它病原菌的耐药性均在63.16%以上。结论阿尔茨海默病医院感染发生率高,细菌耐药性严重;铜绿假单胞菌、金黄色葡萄球菌是老年阿尔茨海默病医院感染主要致病菌。OBJECTIVE To investigate the etiology and the drug resistance of hospital infection in patients with Alzheimer＇s disease,and the possible reasons,so as to give a targeted prevention to reduce hospital infection rates of Alzheimer＇s patients.METHODS A total of 92 cases of Alzheimer＇s disease patients with hospital infections from Jan.2011 to Jan.2013 were selected for a retrospective analysis.Their clinical data,pathogen distribution and drug resistance were analyzed.RESULTS Alzheimer＇s disease male patients got hospital infections accounted for64.13%.Respiratory tract infection was the most common,accounting for 38.04%.Within 2weeks of infection was the most accounting for 85.87%.The most common basic disease was hypertension,accounting for 14.13%.Main pathogens for the infections：gram-negative bacteria were 71 strains,accounting for 60.68%,gram-positive bacteria 46 strains,accounting for 39.32%.Gram-negative bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa accounted for 20.51%,Klebsiella pneumoniae 14.53%.Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus accounted for 16.24%,coagulase-negative staphylococci 11.11%,and the difference of pathogens was significant（P〈0.05）.About resistance rates,the gram-negative bacteria to imipenem and meropenem both were 0% and to others above 58.33%.Gram-positive bacteria resistant rate to vancomycin was 0% and to others above 63.16%.CONCLUSION There is a high incidence of hospital infections in patients with Alzheimer＇s disease and the bacterial resistance is serious.Pseudomonas aeruginosaand Staphylococcus aureus are the major pathogens causing hospital infections in elderly Alzheimer＇s disease patients.

关 键 词：阿尔茨海默病 医院感染 病原菌 耐药性 

分 类 号：R378[医药卫生—病原生物学]